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2016年职称英语考试《理工类》模拟练习题
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air is often the cause,
A.deliver
B.fall
C.happen
D.arrive
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：如果头疼只是在晚上发生，那么缺少新鲜的空气是原因。occur“发生”，四个选项：deliver“递送，交付”;fall“跌倒，降低”;happen“发生”;arrive“到达”。
2 It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules.
A.follow
B.remember
C.understand
D.learn
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：让孩子遵守规定是很难的。adhere to“遵守”，四个选项：follow“跟随，遵守”;remember“记住”;understand“理解”;learn“学习”。
3 A research center has been set up in this country.
A.praised
B.established
C.reformed
D.criticized
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：这个国家已经成立了研究中心。set up“成立，建立”，四个选项：praise“表扬”;establish“建立”;reform“改革，改造”;criticize“批评，指责”。
4 I hope that I didn’t do anything absurd last night.
A.awkward
B.strange
C.awful
D.stupid
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：我希望我昨晚没干出什么荒唐的事。absurd“荒谬的，愚蠢可笑的”，四个选项：awkward“尴尬的，笨拙的”;strange“奇怪的，陌生的”;awful“糟糕的”;stupid“愚蠢的”。
5 The researchers have just completed a study of driving situations.
A.started
B.finished
C.changed
D.made
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：研究人员刚刚完成车况的研究。complete“完成”;四个选项：start“开始”;finish“完成”;change“改变”;make“制作，使得”。
6 The meaning is still obscure.
A.transparent
B.vague
C.alien
D.significant
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：含义仍然不清楚。obscure“模糊的;不清楚的”，四个选项：transparent“透明的，显而易见的”;vague“模糊的”;alien“外国的，陌生的”;significant“重要的，有意义的”。
7 I rarely play basketball.
A.normally
B.seldom
C.frequently
D.usually
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析1句意为：我很少打篮球。Rarely“很少”，四个选项：normally“正常地，常态地”;seldom“很少”;frequently“经常”;usually“通常”。
8 There is no risk to public health.
A.point
B.danger
C.chance
D.hope
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：公共安全没有任何危险。risk“危险”，四个选项：point“某一想法”;danger“危险”;chance“机会”;hope“希望”。
9 The Foreign Service is a branch of the Department of State.
A.center
B.division
C.root
D.base
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：外语服务学院是国务院的一个分支机构。branch“分支机构;枝”，四个选项： center“中心”;division“分支机构”;root“根”;base“基础”。
10 Mary is looking for the book she lost yesterday
A.trying to find
B.trying to read
C.trying to buy
D.trying to borrow
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：玛丽正在寻找她昨天丢失的书。look for“寻找”，四个选项：try to find“试图找 到”;read“阅读”;buy“购买”;borrow“借入”。
11 Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies.
A.destroy
B.decrease
C.pollute
D.delay
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：倾倒的垃圾可能会污染供水。contaminate“污染”，四个选项：destroy“破坏.毁灭”;decrease“减少，降低”;pollute“污染”;delay“推迟”。
12 There should be laws that prohibit smoking around children.
A.advocate
B.forbid
C.inherit
D.withdraw
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：应该有法律来禁止在儿童身边吸烟。Prohibit“禁止”，四个选项：advocate“提倡”;forbid“禁止”;inherit“继承”;withdraw“收回，撤回”。
13 One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and PersiA.A.expects
B.assumes
C.predicts
D.considers
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：一种理论假定古菲律宾人来自印度和波斯。postulate“假定”，四个选项：expects“预期”;assumes“假定”;predicts“预言，预测”;consider“考虑”。
14 Our English teacher is sick.
A.fat
B.weak
C.ill
D.mad
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：我们的英语老师病了。sick“生病的”，四个选项：fat“胖的”;weak“体弱的”： ill“有病的，不舒服的”;mad“发疯的”。
15 In order to survive man needs to consume food and water.
A.work
B.play
C.live
D.walk
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：为了生存，人类需要消耗食物和水。survive“幸存，活下来”，四个选项：work“工作”;play“玩耍，演奏”;live“活下来，生存”;walk“步行，散步”。
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
回答题:
E1 Nino
While some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that E1 Nino can produce in various parts of the world.
Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later E1 Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to 1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.
The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare, a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the work, said it "suggests E1 Nino is indeed predictable."
"This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods." said Weare. He added that the new method "makes it possible to predict E1 Nino at long lead times." Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.
The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacific is of immense importance. The 1997 E1 Nino, for example, caused an estimated $20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium. Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England. The 1877 E1 Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China prompting the development of seasonal forecasting, Anderson said.
When E1 Nino hit in 1991 and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.
While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed.
E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and occurs every two to seven years.
The new forecasting method does not predict any major E1 Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.
16 The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】根据第一段第一句“While some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1 997 EI Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large EI Nino events up tO two years in advance.”可知，最远能提前到两年，而问题句说“提前几个月”，所以选B。
17 The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past E1 Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】根据第二段第一句“Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later EI Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000”可知，与问题内容一致，所以选A。
18 The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past E1 Nino occurrences.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】根据第四段最后一句“Other models also use sea-surface temperatures，but they have not looked as far back because they need other data，which is only available for recent decades，Weare said.”可知，本文并未提到题目说的内容，所以选C。
19 Weare's contribution in predicting E1 Nino, was highly praised by other meteorologists,
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】根据第四段内容可知，文中并未提到Weare在预测厄尔尼诺现象方面作出了贡献，也没有提到他的贡献是否得到了其他气象学家的高度赞扬，所以选C。
20 According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】根据第六段内容“When EI Nino hit in 1991 and 1997，200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone，according to a 2002 United Nations report.”可知，题目内容错误，所以选B。
21 It takes about eight months for E1 Nino to reach its peak.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】根据第八段内容“EI Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February.”可知，EI Nino需要大约8个月达到峰值，所以选A。
22 A special institute has been set up in America to study E1 Nino.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】根据文中内容可知，文章中根本就没有提到“在美国建立一所特别的研究院”，所以选C。
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个标题;(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
回答题:
The Science of Sport
1. At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏 ) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员 ) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to mn as fast.
2. Record-breaking in all track events is slowing clown and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So what's behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds ?
3. Most experts agree that it isn't the athletes' bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athlete's body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance.
4. Scientists have shown that an athlete's body's needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力 ) sports and require a different parathion ( 硝苯硫磷脂 ) to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes in techniques have significantly improved performance.
5. But in any sport, a player's success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization ( 想象 ) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice.
6. But as science begins to dominate sport, are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition, the sporting challenge ? What's more, are all these advantages fair ?
23 Paragraph 2__________
A.Different sports require different training programs.
B.Science may be too important today.
C.Sports equipment has been improved a lot.
D.Athletes are still breaking records.
E.Sport science helps improve athletes' performances.
F.Mental training is as important as physical training.
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】第二段讲到破纪录的比赛越来越多，我们似乎更接近人类体能的极限，所以选D“运动员仍旧在破纪录”。
24 Paragraph 3__________
A.Different sports require different training programs.
B.Science may be too important today.
C.Sports equipment has been improved a lot.
D.Athletes are still breaking records.
E.Sport science helps improve athletes' performances.
F.Mental training is as important as physical training.
参考答案：E
参考解析：
【解析】第三段讲到大部分专家认为运动员的身体并未发生变化，而是科学运动使得运动员能够提高自身的表现，所以选E“科学运动有助于提高运动员的表现”。
25 Paragraph 4__________
A.Different sports require different training programs.
B.Science may be too important today.
C.Sports equipment has been improved a lot.
D.Athletes are still breaking records.
E.Sport science helps improve athletes' performances.
F.Mental training is as important as physical training.
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】第四段第一句讲到科学家已经发现根据运动类型改变运动员身体的需求，接着讲到这项研究已经帮助高级运动人员适应比赛项目，并满足特殊需要，所以选A“不同的运动需要不同的训练项目”。
26 Paragraph 5__________
A.Different sports require different training programs.
B.Science may be too important today.
C.Sports equipment has been improved a lot.
D.Athletes are still breaking records.
E.Sport science helps improve athletes' performances.
F.Mental training is as important as physical training.
参考答案：F
参考解析：
【解析】第五段讲到，无论在何种运动中，运动员的成功或失败都来源于体力和精神能力的配合，所以选F“精神培训和体力培训一样重要”。
27 It is more difficult for today's athletes__________
A.to avoid psychological techniques.
B.to break records
C.to better understand the athlete's body and mind
D.to time and space
E.to be replacing the sporting challenge
F.to human performance
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】根据第二段第一句“Record-breaking in all track events is slowing clown and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance.”可知，本题选B。
28 We don't know if there is a limit__________
A.to avoid psychological techniques.
B.to break records
C.to better understand the athlete's body and mind
D.to time and space
E.to be replacing the sporting challenge
F.to human performance
参考答案：F
参考解析：
【解析】根据第二段最后一句“Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds?”可知，本题选F。
29 Research has helped coaches__________
A.to avoid psychological techniques.
B.to break records
C.to better understand the athlete's body and mind
D.to time and space
E.to be replacing the sporting challenge
F.to human performance
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】根据第三段最后一句“Research has brought a better understanding of the athlete’s body and mind”可知，本题选C。
30 Scientific advances are suspected__________
A.to avoid psychological techniques.
B.to break records
C.to better understand the athlete's body and mind
D.to time and space
E.to be replacing the sporting challenge
F.to human performance
参考答案：E
参考解析：
【解析】根据第六段第一句“But as science begins to dominate sport，are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition，the sporting challenge?”可知，本题选E。
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
根据以下材料回答题：
How to Dress Properly
Being less than perfectly well-dressed in a business setting can result in a feeling of profound discomfort that may well require therapy to dispel. And the sad truth is that "clothing mismatches" on the job can ruin the day of the person who is wearing the inappropriate attire (着装 ), and the people with whom he or she comes in contact.
Offices vary when it comes to dress codes. Some businesses have very high standards for their employees and set strict guidelines for office attire, while others maintain a more relaxed attitude. However, it is always important to remember that no matter what your company's attitude is regarding what you wear, you are working in a business environment and you should dress accordingly. Certain items may be more appropriate for evening wear than for a business meeting. Just as shorts and a T-shirt are better suited for the beach than for an office environment, our attire should reflect both your environment and your position. A senior vice
president has a different image to maintain than that of a secretary or sales assistant. Like it or not, you will be judged by your personal appearance.
This is never more apparent than on "dress-down days", when what you wear can say more about you than any business suit ever could. In fact, people will pay more attention to what you wear on dress-down days than on "business professional" days. Thus, when dressing in "business casual" clothes, try to put some flair into your wardrobe choices, recognizing that the "real" definition of business casual is to dress just one notch ( 等级 ) down from what you would normally wear on business-professional attire days.
Remember, there are boundaries between your career and your social life. You should dress one way for play and another way when you mean business. Always ask yourself where you are going and how other people will be dressed when you get there. Is the final destination the opera, the beach, or the office? Dress accordingly and you will discover the truth in the axiom ( 公理 ) that clothes make the man and the woman. When in doubt, always err on the side of dressing slightly more conservatively than the situation demands.
31
What is the passage mainly about?
A.What is the difference between professional and casual dress?
B.A president of a company should dress differently from a secretary or sales assistant.
C.How to dress properly in a business setting?
D.Improper dress will make a person feel uncomfortable.
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】文章首先谈到了着装在生意场合的重要性，然后分三段介绍了在生意场合着装应遵循的原则。所以如何才能做到着装得体是本文的中心思想。
32 Which of the following statements is true?
A.Every company has strict rules regarding office dress.
B.You can wear whatever you like if your company doesn't have high standards for dressing.
C.You should dress according to the business setting even there are no fixed rules,
D.In companies with relaxed rules on office dress, you can hardly spot a manager among other employees.
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】根据第二段第三句：即使公司没有严格规定，你也要注意衣着应与生意场合相当。
33 What does "dress-down" (Line 1, Para. 3) probably mean?
A.casual clothes
B.business casual clothes
C.business professional clothes
D.eccentric clothes
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】从第三段第二句可以看出，“dress-down”是与“dress-professional”相对的概念，所以应该指生意场合的便装。选项A中“casual clothes”是指“日常生活中的便装”，与“business casual clothes”“生意场合的便装”不同。
34 Which statement best describes "dress-down days" ?
A.On dress-down days, you can wear whatever you like.
B.People's clothes on dress-down days don't receive much attention.
C.We can't judge a person's taste by his clothes on dress-down days.
D.People are usually more careful about what they wear on dress-down days than on other occasions.
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】从第三段第二句可知，人们对便装日的着装比穿职业装的时候更在意。
35 Which of the following is not the rule offered in the passage with regard to business dress? 查看材料
A.Remember to ask others for advice when you are not sure about what to dress.
B.Think about how other guests will wear if you are invited to a dinner.
C.For a business meeting and a concert, you should dress differently.
D.Dress a bit conservatively if you are not sure about proper dress for a certain occasion.
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】利用排除法。选项B是最后一段第三句的内容;选项C的内容在最后一段第一句;选项D与文章最后一句同义。
根据以下材料回答题：
The Function of Adverts
Most people would protably agree that many individual consumer adverts function on the level of the daydream. By picturing quite unusually happy and glamorous people whose success in either career or sexual terms, or both, is obvious, adverts construct an imaginary world in which the reader is able to make come true those desires which remain unsatisfied in his or her everyday life.
An advert for a science fiction magazine is unusually explicit about this. In addition to the primary use value of the magazine, the reader is promised access to a wonderful universe through the product-access to other mysterious and tantalizing worlds and epochs, the realms of the imagination. When studying advertising, it is therefore unreasonable to expect readers to decipher adverts as factual statements about reality. Most adverts are just too meager in informative content and too rich in emotional suggestive detail to be read literally. If people read them literally, they would soon be forced to realize their error when the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didn't materialize.
The average consumer is not surprised that his purchase of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement, for this is what he is used to in life: the individual's pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain. But the fantasy is his to keep; in his dream world he enjoys a "future endlessly deferred" .
The Estivalia advert company is quite explicit about the fact that advertising shows us not reality, but a fantasy; it does so by openly admitting the daydream but in a way which insists on the existence of a bridge linking daydream to reality-Estivalia, which is "for daydream believers", those who refuse to give up trying to make the hazy ideal of natural beauty and harmony come true.
If adverts function on the daydream level, it clearly becomes inadequate to merely condemn advertising for channeling readers' attention and desires towards unrealistic, paradisiacal ( 天堂似得 ) nowhere land. Advertising certainly does that, but in order for people to find it relevant, the Utopia ( 乌托邦 ) visualized in adverts must be linked to our surrounding reality by a causal connection.
36
The people in adverts are in most cases__________
A.glamorous
B.arrogant
C.obvious
D.sexy
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】设题点在文章第一段第二句话，请参看难句分析翻译部分。选项A项glamorous“富有魅力的，迷人的”;B项arrogant“傲慢的，自大的”;D项sexy“性感的”。
37 When the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didn't materialize the average consumer is not surprised, because__________
A.the consumer is used to the fact that the individual's pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain
B.adverts are factual statements about reality
C.the consumer can come into the realms of imagination pictured by adverts
D.adverts can make the consumer's dream come true
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】本题设在第三段第一句话，for引导原因状语从句：for this is what he is used to in life：the individual’s pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain.在生活中他对此早已习惯了，他对幸福和成功的追求通常都是以失败而结束。
38 Why does the consumer accept the daydream in adverts?
A.Because the consumer enjoys a "future endlessly deferred" .
B.Because the consumer enjoys up trying to make his dream come true.
C.Because the Utopia is visualized in adverts.
D.Because his purchase of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement.
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】根据文章第三段最后一句话：But the fantasy is his to keep：in his dream world he enjoys a“future endlessly deferred.”他需要保留一些幻想;在他的梦想世界里，他可以沉浸在没有尽头的未来里面。
39 What's the bridge linking daydream to reality in adverts?
A.The product.
B.Estivalia.
C.Pictures.
D.Happy and glamorous people.
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】设题点在文章第四段。根据推理，广告产品应是连接白日梦和现实的桥梁。
40 What is this passage mainly concerned with?
A.Many adverts can be read literally.
B.Everyone has a daydream.
C.Many adverts function on the level of the daydream.
D.Many adverts are deceitful because they can not make their promises.
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】文章的第一句话就开门见山地说出了本文的中心思想：很多广告的功能都在于引起消费者的白日梦。
根据以下材料回答题：
Age Discrimination
By the year 2000 nearly half the workforce in Europe are over 40 and yet throughout Europe there is a deep ambivalence ( 犹豫 )-if not outright suspicion-towards the capabilities of older workers.
Those over the age of 40 generally take longer to find new employment, but European governments have done little to protect their employment rights. Only Germany, with incentives to business to encourage the employment of older people, and France, with the introduction of legislation making it illegal to use age barriers in recruitment-or to make employees redundant because of their age done anything substantive to combat age discrimination.
Yet even in these two countries, there has been no noticeable improvement in the lot of the older workers; indeed, in France, job advertisements flout ( 轻视，反对 ) the law openly by asking for applicants of a certain age. So, should France and Germany be tightening up their laws and should the rest of Europe follow suit?
Bill Robbins, a careers consultant said, "Legislation against age discrimination has been in existence for well over ten year in the U.S. and Canada, but has had no effect. Employers will always be able to find some reasons for turning down an older applicant without appearing to break the law."
Ironically, it was governments which played a leading role in hardening business culture against older workers in the first place. In the late 1970s, many European countries were extremely concerned about the levels of youth unemployment, and France, Germany and Belgium even initiated incentive schemes for businesses to encourage older employees to take early retirement provided that younger trainees were taken on in their place. As more and more employees took early retirement, often willingly, a new, youth-oriented culture permeated business throughout most of Europe-even in those countries that had taken no active measures to promote it.
Demographic ( 人口统计学的 ) trends mean that governments are now anxious to slow down the policy of early retirement as they realize that they simply do not have the funds to meet their pension promises. But reversing business attitudes is no easy matter. Dianah Worman a policy adviser said, "There is a widely held belief that older people are less, adaptable and trainable. This is just not true: research has shown that differences in capability are as wide within age groups as they are between them."
41
Which of the following words can best describe the European attitude to older workers?
A.Dislike.
B.Disapproval.
C.Distrust.
D.Disappointment.
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】从文章第一段可以看出欧洲人对年龄较大的工作者存在着不信任的态度，suspicion(怀疑)即是distrust(不信任)。
第41题 笔记记录我的笔记(0) | 精选笔记(0)
42 France, U.S. and Canada have all taken which of the following steps to discourage age discrimination?
A.Encourage businesses to employ older people by offering rewards.
B.Make age discrimination in respect of employment illegal.
C.Enforce age discrimination laws strictly.
D.Refuse to employ younger workers.
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】文章第二段说法国的做法是通过立法，第四段说美国和加拿大反对年龄歧视的立法已经有十几年了，因此可见就业方面年龄歧视非法化是这三个国家的共同做法。
43 This passage is aimed to__________
A.create more job opportunities for older workers
B.tell older workers how to solve their problems
C.call for European governments' concern about older workers' problem
D.reveal the importance of legislation against age discrimination
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】文章第一段和第二段第一句话都明确指出年龄大的人在求职时面临的问题，但欧洲各国并没有努力去保障他们的就业权利，由此可见文章是在呼吁各国政府关注这一问题。
44 What did governments do to discourage the employment of older workers in the 1970s?
A.Offer early retirement to all employees.
B.Set specific age limits for employment.
C.Only employ younger trainees.
D.Offer incentives to businesses to take on younger employees.
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】文章第五段第二句话说：20世纪70年代末，很多欧洲国家特别关心年轻人就业问题，法国，德国和比利时甚至着手鼓励老员工过提早退休的计划，这样就可以雇佣年轻人工作。由此可知，政府鼓励企业雇佣年轻的员工，所以选D。
45 Which of the following statements is NOT the cause, for older workers' problem in employment?
A.Older people's inability to adapt to new methods.
B.Lack of protection offered by European governments.
C.Advertisements specifying a desired age for applicants.
D.Popular beliefs and attitudes favoring younger workers.
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】根据文章最后两句说：认为年龄大的人适应性差、不好培训的普遍看法是不正确的，研究已经表明同年龄组的人的能力差异和不同年龄组之间的人的差异是一样大的，即能力是不该按年龄来划分的。因此选项A提到的并不是事实。B在第二段首句提到;C在文章第三段第一句提到;D在第四段和第五段提到。
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。
回答题：
What's Lacking in "Sicko" ?
When it comes to economic decisions, there are always trade offs ( 取舍 ). Gain one thing and you lose something else. 46
The central argument of Michael Moore's movie "Sicko" -that the cure to the nation health care problems is a single-payer system-is hardly novel and is certainly worth consideration, whether or not you agree with it. But in comparing the American system with single-payer plans of other countries-Britain, France, Canada and Cuba Mr. Moore left out the trade-offs, characterizing those countries as health care paradises. 47 Kurt Loder, the film critic who is best known as the anchor ( 主持人 ) of "MTV News" , wrote a critique (批评 ) of the film for MTV's website. " Sicko," he said, "does a real service" in portraying ( 描绘 ) victims of American insurance companies'-like the people, who died because their only treatment options were considered "experimental" and therefore not covered. 48
When "governments attempt to regulate the balance between a limited supply of health care and an unlimited demand for it, they're inevitably forced to ration treatment" . Mr. Loder asserted. 49 Mr. Loder cited the short film "Dead Meat" , which presents anecdotes ( 轶事 ) of failure. In the Canadian single-payer system in its one-sidedness, "Dead Meat" , might have made for a nice double feature with "Sicko", and left movie-goers with a more complete understanding of the complications of deciding on a health care system ,50
This all makes an otherwise "emotionally compelling film not necessarily an intellectually satisfying one, "wrote Darren Barefoot, a Canadian blogger. ( 博客作者 ).
A.This is particularly true in health care, a market in which scarce (稀罕的 ) goods are ridiculously expensive, but needed by everybody.
B.Mr. Moore also decided to ignore problems in other countries, like France's high taxes and Britain's cash-short hospitals.
C.But the film as a whole, he concluded, is "breathtakingly meretricious ( 似是而非的 ), " in large part because of its characterizations of other countries 'health care systems.
D.The problems have been noticed-and criticism is coming not just from Mr. Moore's detractors ( 诋毁者).
E.He ticked off a number of negative statistics to counter the positive ones offered by Mr. Moore.
F.Health care is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness.
46 第46题应选_____
A.This is particularly true in health care, a market in which scarce (稀罕的 ) goods are ridiculously expensive, but needed by everybody.
B.Mr. Moore also decided to ignore problems in other countries, like France's high taxes and Britain's cash-short hospitals.
C.But the film as a whole, he concluded, is "breathtakingly meretricious ( 似是而非的 ), " in large part because of its characterizations of other countries 'health care systems.
D.The problems have been noticed-and criticism is coming not just from Mr. Moore's detractors ( 诋毁者).
E.He ticked off a number of negative statistics to counter the positive ones offered by Mr. Moore.
F.Health care is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness.
第46题应选_____
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】本文第一段先讲在制定经济政策时总要面对利益取舍，第二段中讲到美国的health care(医疗护理)，故第一段末应该有一句引出“health care”的话题，在给出的选项中，选项A讲在医疗卫生领域也存在着利益取舍的问题，所以选A。
47 第47题应选_____
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】第二段前半部分主要讲Moore电影的中心观点，然后作者指出Moore认识上的误区。第三段引用了评论家Kurt Loder对该电影的批评意见。第二段与第三段之间应该有个衔接，在给出的选项中，只有选项D“问题已经被注意到了，而且不只是摩尔的死对头在提出批评”使此处衔接顺畅。
48 第48题应选_____
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】第三段开头是Kurt Loder对电影的正面评价。C选项以But引出转折，说的是该电影的缺点，指出Moore在描述其他国家医疗制度时过于片面，这也是Loder的主要观点。从后文看，这种转折符合逻辑，故选C。
49 第49题应选_____
参考答案：E
参考解析：
【解析】所填空格后文说Loder引用电影Dead Meat为例，说明了加拿大在医疗方面单方支付系统的弊端。E选项讲Loder对Moore所说的其他国家是“医疗天堂”提出了反驳，在此处承上启下。故选E。
50 第50题应选_____
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】所填空格前文都是对Moore的批评意见，B选项是进一步的补充理由，说Moore还忽了诸如法国、英国等国面临的问题，与前文衔接顺畅。故选B。
下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定l个最佳选项。
回答题:
Exercise Being Good or Bad
Can exercise be a bad thing? Sudden death during or soon after strenuous exertion on the squash court or on the army training grounds, is not unheard of. 51 trained marathon runners are not immune to fatal heart attacks. But no one knows just 52 common these sudden deaths linked to exercise are. The registration and
investigation of such 53 is very patchy; only a national survey could determine the true 54 of sudden deaths in sports. But the climate of medical opinion is shifting in 55 of exercise, for the person recovering from a heart attack as 56 as the average lazy individual. Training can help the victim of a heart attack by
lowering the 57 of oxygen the heart needs at any given level of work 58 the patient can do more before reaching the point where chest pains indicate a heart starved of oxygen. The question is, should middle-aged people, 59 .particular, be screened for signs of heart disease before 60 vigorous exercise?
Most cases of sudden death in sport are caused by lethal arrhythmias in the beating of the heart, often in people 61 undiagnosed coronary heart disease. In North America 62 over 35 is advised to have a physical check-up and even an exercise electrocardiogram. The British, on the whole, think all this testing is
unnecessary. Not many people die from exercise, 63 , and ECGs ( 心电图 ) are notoriously inaccurate. However, two medical cardiologists at the Victoria Infirmary in Glasgow, advocate screening by exercise ECG for people over 40, or younger people 64 at risk of developing coronary heart disease. Individuals showing a particular abnormality in their ECGs 65 , they say, a 10 to 20 times greater risk of subsequently developing signs of coronary heart disease, or of sudden death.
51 第51题应选：
A.Then
B.Though
C.Since
D.Even
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：__________是受过训练的马拉松长跑运动员也不能避免致命的心脏病突发。四个选项：then“然后”;though“虽然”;since“自从，既然”;even“甚至，即使”。
52 第52题应选：
A.why
B.how
C.if
D.what
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：没人知道这些骤然死亡与锻炼之间的联系有__________普通。四个选项：why“为什么”;how“怎样，如何，多么”;if“如果”;what“什么”。
53 第53题应选：
A.runners
B.exercises
C.patients
D.cases
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：这类__________的报道和调查非常不完整。四个选项：runners“跑步者”;exercises“锻炼，练习”;patients“病人”;cases“案例”。
54 第54题应选：
A.initiation
B.evidence
C.incidence
D.indication
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：只有国家的调查能够确定运动中骤然死亡的真实__________。四个选项：initiation“创始，发起”;evidence“迹象，根据”;incidence“发生率，发生”;indication“表明，象征，迹象”。
55 第55题应选：
A.favor
B.positive
C.inclination
D.indication
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：__________锻炼的意见正在转变。四个选项：favor“有利于”，短语in favor of“赞同，有利于”;positive“积极的”;inclination“爱好，意向，倾向”;indication“表明，迹象，象征”。
56 第56题应选：
A.good
B.well
C.much
D.far
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：与缺乏体育锻炼的人恢复的一样__________。四个选项：good“好的”;well“好，满意地，充分地”;much“非常，差不多，几乎”;far“遥远地，很，非常”。
57 第57题应选：
A.weight
B.amount
C.degree
D.quality
参考答案：B
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：减少心脏对氧需求的__________。weight“负担，重累”;amount“数量，总额”;degree“程度，学位”;quality“质量”。
58 第58题应选：
A.however
B.because
C.but
D.so
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：__________病人能够做得更多。四个选项：however“不管怎样，无论如何”;because“因为”;but“但是”;so“因而，所以”。
59 第59题应选：
A.at
B.to
C.for
D.in
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：__________是中年人。四个选项中，只有in可与particular构成固定短语in particular“特别”。
60 第60题应选：
A.taking up
B.trying on
C.getting over
D.doing with
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：在__________进行“剧烈”的锻炼之前。taking up“开始从事，专注于”;try on“试穿，耍花招”;get over“使度过，穿过”;do with“处理，对待”。
61 第61题应选：
A.beyond
B.by
C.with
D.of
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：在__________未确诊的冠状心脏病的人中。四个选项：beyond“超出，迟于”;by“靠近，不迟于”;with“有，以，用”;of“的”。
62 第62题应选：
A.anyone
B.none
C.some
D.nobody
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【解析】四个选项：__________在35岁以上的人。四个选项：anyone“任何一个”;none“没有人，一个也没有”;some“一些，若干”;nobody“没有人，无人”。
63 第63题应选：
A.of course
B.at all
C.after all
D.by far
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：__________没有很多人死于锻炼。四个选项：of course“当然”;at all“根本”;after all“毕竟”;by far“尤其，到目前为止”。
64 第64题应选：
A.readily
B.suddenly
C.already
D.ready
参考答案：C
参考解析：
【解析】句意为：__________显示出患有冠状心脏病的危险。四个选项：readily“乐意地，欣然地”;suddenly“突然地”;already“已经”;ready“准备就绪，乐意的”。
65 第65题应选：
A.having
B.had
C.having been
D.have
参考答案：D
参考解析：
【解析】根据空格后时态可知，此处缺少一个一般现在时态的谓语动词，根据语法和句意，D项符合句意。
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