职称英语卫生类b级考试真题及答案

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2024年职称英语卫生类b级考试真题及答案

　　在日复一日的学习、工作生活中，我们经常跟试题打交道，试题是用于考试的题目，要求按照标准回答。你知道什么样的试题才是好试题吗？以下是小编精心整理的2024年职称英语卫生类b级考试真题及答案试题，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。

2024年职称英语卫生类b级考试真题及答案

　　职称英语卫生类b级考试真题及答案 1

　　一、词汇选项（第1 - 15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处加粗部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1. The herb can alleviate pain.

　　A. increase

　　B. relieve

　　C. cause

　　D. tolerate

　　答案：B。alleviate意为“减轻”，relieve也有“减轻、缓解”的意思。

　　2. His condition is stable after the operation.

　　A. changeable

　　B. steady

　　C. serious

　　D. critical

　　答案：B。stable表示“稳定的”，steady意思与之相近。

　　3. The disease is contagious, so be careful.

　　A. infectious

　　B. chronic

　　C. incurable

　　D. fatal

　　答案：A。contagious和infectious都表示“传染性的”。

　　4. The doctor prescribed some medicine for my cough.

　　A. bought

　　B. ordered

　　C. took

　　D. made

　　答案：B。prescribe在这里是“开（药）”的意思，order有“订购、指令”的意思，在医疗语境下可表示开药的指令。

　　5. She has a severe headache.

　　A. mild

　　B. bad

　　C. slight

　　D. soft

　　答案：B。severe表示“严重的”，bad有“严重的、厉害的”含义。

　　6. The nurse monitored the patients vital signs all night.

　　A. watched

　　B. treated

　　C. cured

　　D. examined

　　答案：A。monitor有“监测、监视”的意思，watch与之相近。

　　7. The new drug has proven effective in treating the disease.

　　A. turned

　　B. seemed

　　C. become

　　D. been shown

　　答案：D。prove在这里是“被证明”的意思，be shown也有类似的意思。

　　8. His wound is healing well.

　　A. recovering

　　B. hurting

　　C. opening

　　D. bleeding

　　答案：A。heal表示“愈合”，recover有“恢复”的意思，伤口愈合也就是在恢复。

　　9. The symptom is very vague, so its hard to diagnose.

　　A. clear

　　B. indistinct

　　C. obvious

　　D. specific

　　答案：B。vague表示“模糊的”，indistinct与之意思相同。

　　10. This therapy can boost the immune system.

　　A. weaken

　　B. strengthen

　　C. balance

　　D. test

　　答案：B。boost表示“增强、提高”，strengthen也有“加强”的意思。

　　11. The epidemic has spread rapidly in the area.

　　A. extended

　　B. decreased

　　C. stopped

　　D. started

　　答案：A。spread表示“传播、扩散”，extend有“延伸、扩展”的意思。

　　12. The patient is in a delicate condition.

　　A. strong

　　B. fragile

　　C. healthy

　　D. energetic

　　答案：B。delicate表示“脆弱的、微妙的”，fragile意思相近。

　　13. The medical team is trying to identify the cause of the disease.

　　A. find out

　　B. cover up

　　C. give up

　　D. look for

　　答案：A。identify表示“识别、确定”，find out有“找出、查明”的意思。

　　14. The virus can invade the human body easily.

　　A. enter

　　B. leave

　　C. protect

　　D. repair

　　答案：A。invade表示“入侵”，enter有“进入”的意思，在这里表示病毒进入人体。

　　15. The treatment has some side effects.

　　A. main effects

　　B. additional effects

　　C. harmful effects

　　D. positive effects

　　答案：C。side effects表示“副作用”，也就是有害的影响，harmful effects与之相符。

　　二、阅读判断（第16 - 22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　Passage One

　　Smoking and Heart Disease

　　Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease. It increases the risk of developing coronary heart disease (冠心病) by at least two times. Cigarette smoke contains many harmful substances, such as nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar. Nicotine makes the heart beat faster and raises blood pressure. Carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen that the blood can carry. Tar contains cancer - causing chemicals.

　　Studies have shown that smokers are more likely to have a heart attack than non - smokers. The risk is even higher for those who smoke heavily. In addition, second - hand smoke also poses a threat to the heart health of non - smokers.

　　Quitting smoking can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease. However, it is not easy for smokers to quit. They may need the help of nicotine replacement therapy, counseling or medications.

　　16. Smoking is the most important risk factor for heart disease.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。原文只是说吸烟是心脏病的一个主要风险因素，但未提及是最重要的因素。

　　17. Nicotine can make the heart beat slower.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。原文提到尼古丁使心跳加快，而不是减慢。

　　18. Carbon monoxide has no effect on the oxygen - carrying capacity of blood.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。原文明确指出一氧化碳会降低血液的携氧能力。

　　19. Tar in cigarette smoke is harmless.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。原文提到焦油含有致癌化学物质，不是无害的。

　　20. Heavy smokers are less likely to have a heart attack than light smokers.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。原文表明重度吸烟者患心脏病发作的风险更高。

　　21. Second - hand smoke is also bad for the heart health of non - smokers.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：A。原文明确提到二手烟对非吸烟者的心脏健康也构成威胁。

　　22. Quitting smoking is very easy for most smokers.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。原文提到戒烟对吸烟者来说并不容易。

　　三、概括大意与完成句子（第23 - 30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　Passage Two

　　Sleep and Health

　　1. Paragraph 1:

　　Sleep is essential for good health. It is a time when the body repairs and rejuvenates itself. During sleep, the body releases hormones that help with growth, repair tissues, and boost the immune system. Lack of sleep can lead to a variety of health problems, including fatigue, irritability, and decreased cognitive function.

　　2. Paragraph 2:

　　There are different stages of sleep. The first stage is light sleep, where the body begins to relax. The second stage is a deeper sleep, during which the body temperature drops and the heart rate slows down. The third stage is the deepest sleep, also known as slow - wave sleep. In this stage, the body repairs and regenerates tissues. The final stage is REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, which is associated with dreaming and is important for memory and learning.

　　3. Paragraph 3:

　　Many factors can affect sleep quality. Stress is a major factor. People who are stressed may have difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. Diet also plays a role. Consuming large amounts of caffeine or alcohol close to bedtime can disrupt sleep. Additionally, the sleeping environment, such as the temperature, noise level, and comfort of the bed, can impact sleep.

　　4. Paragraph 4:

　　To improve sleep quality, it is important to establish a regular sleep schedule. Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day helps regulate the bodys internal clock. Creating a relaxing bedtime routine, such as reading a book or taking a warm bath, can also signal the body that it is time to sleep. Avoiding electronics before bed, as the blue light emitted can interfere with sleep.

　　23. Paragraph 1:

　　A. Factors affecting sleep quality

　　B. The importance of sleep for health

　　C. Stages of sleep

　　D. Ways to improve sleep quality

　　答案：B。第一段主要讲述睡眠对健康的重要性。

　　24. Paragraph 2:

　　A. Factors affecting sleep quality

　　B. The importance of sleep for health

　　C. Stages of sleep

　　D. Ways to improve sleep quality

　　答案：C。第二段详细介绍了睡眠的`不同阶段。

　　25. Paragraph 3:

　　A. Factors affecting sleep quality

　　B. The importance of sleep for health

　　C. Stages of sleep

　　D. Ways to improve sleep quality

　　答案：A。第三段阐述了影响睡眠质量的多种因素。

　　26. Paragraph 4:

　　A. Factors affecting sleep quality

　　B. The importance of sleep for health

　　C. Stages of sleep

　　D. Ways to improve sleep quality

　　答案：D。第四段讲述了提高睡眠质量的方法。

　　27. Sleep is important because during it the body can ________.

　　A. increase stress

　　B. repair and rejuvenate itself

　　C. be exposed to harmful substances

　　D. stay awake all night

　　答案：B。根据第一段，睡眠时身体能自我修复和恢复活力。

　　28. The deepest stage of sleep is called ________.

　　A. light sleep

　　B. REM sleep

　　C. slow - wave sleep

　　D. second - stage sleep

　　答案：C。第二段提到最深的睡眠阶段是慢波睡眠。

　　29. Stress and diet are two of the ________ that can affect sleep quality.

　　A. hormones

　　B. factors

　　C. dreams

　　D. tissues

　　答案：B。第三段指出压力和饮食是影响睡眠质量的因素。

　　30. To improve sleep, one should avoid ________ before bed.

　　A. reading a book

　　B. taking a warm bath

　　C. using electronics

　　D. establishing a regular schedule

　　答案：C。第四段提到睡前应避免使用电子设备。

　　四、阅读理解（第31 - 45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　Passage Three

　　The Benefits of Exercise for Mental Health

　　Exercise is not only good for physical health but also has a profound impact on mental health. Regular exercise can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. It does this by increasing the production of endorphins, which are chemicals in the brain that act as natural painkillers and mood elevators. Endorphins create a feeling of well - being and can help to relieve stress.

　　Exercise also improves cognitive function. It has been shown to enhance memory, attention, and decision - making abilities. This is because exercise increases blood flow to the brain, which delivers more oxygen and nutrients. In addition, exercise can stimulate the growth of new brain cells, especially in the hippocampus, an area of the brain important for learning and memory.

　　For people with insomnia, exercise can be a helpful treatment. However, it is important to note that the timing of exercise is crucial. Exercising too close to bedtime can actually make it more difficult to fall asleep, as it raises the bodys energy level. But regular exercise earlier in the day can improve sleep quality by reducing stress and anxiety.

　　Social interaction during exercise can also contribute to better mental health. Joining a sports team or exercise class allows people to connect with others, which can reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation. This social support network can be very beneficial for those struggling with mental health issues.

　　31. Regular exercise can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety mainly because it ________.

　　A. reduces stress

　　B. increases endorphin production

　　C. improves sleep quality

　　D. enhances cognitive function

　　答案：B。原文提到定期锻炼能减轻抑郁和焦虑症状是因为增加了内啡肽的产生。

　　32. The production of endorphins can result in ________.

　　A. increased stress

　　B. a feeling of well - being

　　C. decreased blood flow to the brain

　　D. poor decision - making abilities

　　答案：B。内啡肽能产生一种幸福感。

　　33. Exercise improves cognitive function by ________.

　　A. reducing endorphin production

　　B. decreasing blood flow to the brain

　　C. increasing blood flow to the brain

　　D. stimulating the growth of old brain cells

　　答案：C。锻炼通过增加大脑的血流量来改善认知功能。

　　34. For people with insomnia, exercise should be done ________.

　　A. right before bedtime

　　B. at any time of the day

　　C. earlier in the day

　　D. late at night

　　答案：C。对于失眠者，白天早些时候锻炼有助于改善睡眠。

　　35. Social interaction during exercise can help people ________.

　　A. feel more lonely

　　B. be more isolated

　　C. reduce feelings of loneliness

　　D. improve physical health only

　　答案：C。锻炼中的社交互动可以减少孤独感。

　　Passage Four

　　Diabetes and Diet

　　Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects the bodys ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Diet plays a crucial role in managing diabetes. People with diabetes need to be careful about the types and amounts of carbohydrates they consume.

　　Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body, but they also have a significant impact on blood sugar levels. Simple carbohydrates, such as those found in white bread, sugary drinks, and candy, are quickly digested and cause a rapid increase in blood sugar. Complex carbohydrates, on the other hand, such as those in whole grains, legumes, and vegetables, are digested more slowly and have a more gradual effect on blood sugar.

　　In addition to carbohydrates, people with diabetes also need to pay attention to their fat and protein intake. High - fat diets can lead to weight gain, which can further complicate diabetes management. However, healthy fats, such as those found in nuts, seeds, and fish, can be beneficial. Protein is important for maintaining muscle mass and can also help to slow the absorption of carbohydrates.

　　Fiber is another important component of a diabetic - friendly diet. Fiber - rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can help to regulate blood sugar levels by slowing the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates. They also promote a feeling of fullness, which can help with weight management.

　　36. Diabetes is a disease related to ________.

　　A. the bodys ability to regulate blood sugar levels

　　B. the bodys ability to produce carbohydrates

　　C. the digestion of simple proteins

　　D. the absorption of healthy fats

　　答案：A。糖尿病与身体调节血糖水平的能力有关。

　　37. Simple carbohydrates can cause ________.

　　A. a slow increase in blood sugar

　　B. a rapid increase in blood sugar

　　C. no change in blood sugar

　　D. a decrease in blood sugar

　　答案：B。简单碳水化合物会导致血糖快速上升。