考研英语模拟试题及答案：完型填空
在考研英语当中对于完形填空这个题型还不熟悉吗？下面是小编为大家整理的考研英语模拟试题及答案：完型填空，希望能帮到您！
习题一
Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .
The ridge 6 on a person’ finger doesn’t change 7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .
Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.
1. A. uselessness B. quantity C. magnitude D. uniqueness
2. A. naturally B. exactly C. especially D. particularly
3. A. passed on B. passed away C. passed out D. passed off
4. A. if B. when C. though D. as
5. A. reasonB. cause C. ground D. case
6. A. construction B. structure C. location D. position
7. A. with B. because of C. until D. under
8. A. grave B. severe C. substantial D. superficial
9. A. outside B. outward C. inner D. outer
10. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. behind time
11. A. original B. different C. definite D. customary
12. A. restored B. hurt C. destroyed D. restricted
13. A. diminish B. dispose C. undermine D. remove
14. A. and B. but C. when D. if
15. A. make B. take C. do D. adapt
16. A. realization B. detection C. identification D. investigation
17.A. In spite of B. Irrespective of C. Because of D. In case of
18. A. suspected B. doubtedC. distrusted D. doubtful
19. A. out of case B. in vainC. at random D. in question
20. A. look B. expression C. appearance D. sight
参考答案
1. 【答案】D. uniqueness
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。uniqueness 独一无二，独特性，正合题意。magnitude 大小，数量;quantity 数量;uselessness 无用性;均与题意相悖，不能入选。
2. 【答案】B. exactly
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。 exactly (= correctly; quite) 确切地，完全地：They are exactly alike. naturally 自然地;especially 和 particularly 尤其的，特别的;逻辑上均不符合题意，故不入选。
3. 【答案】A. passed on
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配。pass on (=convey to other)把……..传递给另外的人：We should pass on the fine tradition of hard struggle from generation to generation. pass away 去世; pass out 失去知觉，昏倒; pass off 中止，停止。
4. 【答案】 C. though
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配。though 尽管;与句意相符。
5. 【答案】D. case
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。case 情况，情景：I afterwards heard that this was not the case. (我后来听到，情况并非如此) If that is the case, I must as well try.(情况如果是这样，我也应该争取)本句译文：科学家和专家业已证明指纹的独特性并发现由父母传给子女的指纹没有完完全全相似的，尽管没有人知道为什么会这样。
6. 【答案】B. structure
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。structure (=way in which sth. is put together, organized, etc.)构造，结构：the structure of the human body(人体构造)。construction 建造，建设;location 定位置;位置;position 1)位置：in position (在适当的位置)，out of position(不在适当的位置);2)地位，职位，工作。从上下文的意思来看，此处指一个人手指上脊的“构造”，故选 structure.
7. 【答案】A. with
【解析】本题测试结构搭配。with 在此处的含义是“随着”。
8. 【答案】D. superficial
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配。superficial 表层的，符合题题，可以入选。grave 需要认真考虑的，严重的，严峻的;severe 严厉的，严重的;substantial 实质的;均不符合题意。
9. 【答案】D. outer
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配。outer 外部的，外层的，其反义词是 inner; outside 在外面的，其反义词是 inside; outward 外面的，在外面的：the outward appearance of things(东西的外观)
10.【答案】A.in time
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配。in time 此处意为“后来渐渐，终于”;其他选择均不符合题意。on time 准时;at times 有时;behind time 晚点。
11. 【答案】A. original
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。original 原来的，本来的。 bears reproduction 意为“重新长出”。
12. 【答案】C. destroyed
【解析】本题测试词义
搭配。destroy 意为“毁坏”。hurt 伤害，不合题意。
13.【答案】D. removed
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。removed vt.(=cause sth. to disappear, eliminate) 消除，去除;diminish vt./vi. 减少;dispose (of) 处理，处置;undermine vt. 破坏。remove 与题意相符。
14. 【答案】 B. but
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配。从逻辑上讲，本题需要一个对比连词，故应选 but(但是)
15.【答案】B. take
【解析】 本题测试惯用搭配。take a step 采取措施：That would be a rash step to take. (那会是冒失的措施。) make a step 走一步。
16.【答案】C. identification
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。identification 鉴定;realization 认识到，实现，认清;detection 觉察，发觉，侦察;investigation 侦察;
17.【答案】C. Because of
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配。此处表示因果关系，故应选 because of. in spite of 尽管;irrespective of 不顾的，不考虑的;irrespective of sex, age or education 无论性别，年龄，或教育程度;in case of 万一：in case of fire 万一发生火灾。
18.【答案】A. suspected
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。suspect 嫌疑，猜疑。常指设想某人有欺诈，私通或犯罪的嫌疑;doubt 怀疑，意为对事情的真假，将来事情的成功与否的怀疑。distrust 不信任，怀疑;意指是否值得信任，与suspected 不同，故本题应选 suspected.
19. 【答案】B. in vain
【解析】 本题测试惯用搭配。in vain(=without the desired result) 徒劳，白辛苦：1)He tried in vain to open the locked door.(作状语)2)All our efforts were in vain.(作表语)in question 1)所谈的：That is not the subject in question. (那不是我们所谈的课题)
2) 有问题：I know Bill would be a good captain for the team. That is not in question. But does he want to be captain? (我知道，比尔会成为好队长。那是不成问题的。但他想不想当队长?)out of use 不再使用：This railway station is out of use. at random 任意的，随意的。
20. 【答案】C. appearance
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。appearance 外表，仪表;look 脸色，神态;expression 表情，脸色，与look 同义;sight 视觉，视域;情景。
习题二
Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow，coming __1__ gently，blowing gleefully in a high wind，all the while __2__ down a treacherous carpet，freezes the windows，__3__ the view. The might of automated man is__4__ . The horses，the powerful electrical systems，the deep-tread tires，all go __5__ nothing. One minute the road feels __6__，and the next the driver is sliding over it，light as a__7__，in a panic，wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up__8__the rear are going to do. The trucks are like __9__ when you have to pass them，not at sixty or seventy __10__ you do when the road is dry，but at twenty-five and thirty. __11__ their engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow，slush and__12__ of ice spray from beneath the wheels，obscure the windshield，and rattle __13__your car. Beneath the wheels there is plenty of __14__ for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch __15__ inch you move up，past the rear wheels，the center wheels，the cab，the front wheels，all__16__too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue，__17__ to cut over sharply would send you into a slip，__18__in front of the vehicle. At last，there is__19__enough，and you creep back over，in front of the truck now，but__20__the sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.
1. [A] up [B] off [C] down [D] on
2. [A] lies [B] lays [C] settles [D] sends
3. [A] blocks [B] strikes [C] puffs [D] cancels
4. [A] muted [B] discovered [C] doubled [D] undervalued
5. [A] for [B] with [C] into [D] from
6. [A] comfortable [B] weak [C] risky [D] firm
7. [A] loaf [B] feather [C] leaf [D] fog
8. [A] beneath [B] from [C] under [D] beyond
9. [A] dwarfs [B] giants [C] patients [D] princesses
10. [A] what [B] since [C] as [D] that
11. [A] So [B] But [C] Or [D] Then
12. [A] flakes [B] flocks [C] chips [D] cakes
13. [A] onto [B] against [C] off [D] along
14. [A] snow [B] earth [C] room [D] ice
15. [A] by [B] after [C] for [D] with
16. [A] climbing [B] crawling [C] winding [D] sliding
17. [A] meanwhile [B] unless [C] whereas [D] for
18. [A] sheer [B] mostly [C] rarely [D] right
19. [A] might [B] distance [C] air [D] power
20. [A] with [B] like [C] inside [D] upon
答案
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.A
总体分析
本文描述了在冰雪覆盖的路面上开车的经历。文章首句为主题句，概括了这种经历的特点是令人非常紧张。第二至四句分别介绍了下雪带来的隐患和机器变得没有多大用处。从第五句到文章最后则描述了在这种不利条件下和大卡车一同行驶的紧张经历。
全文翻译
在暴风雪中驱车长距离地行驶于冰雪覆盖的路面上是一种令人非常紧张的经历。矛盾的是雪一面轻轻地飘落，在强风中愉快地吹着，一面又不断地吹落可能带来危险的毯子，封冻窗户，挡住视线。机器的力量被减弱了。马、强有力的电子系统、深胎面的轮胎都毫无用处。一分钟前路面还很结实，下一分钟司机就在上面打滑，轻飘飘地，处于恐慌之中，想着从后面突然出现的笨重的挂了拖车的卡车会干出什么事情来。当你不得不开车经过这些卡车时，它们就像巨人一般。这时你行驶的速度不是当路面干燥时的60或70，而是25和30.并且它们的引擎听起来极其刺耳。雪、泥和冰渣滓从轮子下喷洒出来，使挡风玻璃变得模糊不清，然后格格作响地从车上掉下。卡车轮子下的空间很大，足以让你滑进去并被碾成肉酱。你一点点的往前挪动，经过卡车的后轮，中间的轮子，驾驶室，前轮，所有这一切都是极其缓慢地滑过去的。你继续笔直地往前开，因为突然超车抢道到卡车前面会使你的车滑倒，正好倒在大卡车的前面。最后终于和卡车有了一段距离了，你才慢慢地往后挪，挪到另外一车道上，现在你行使在卡车的前面了，但是引擎的声音仍然震耳欲聋。
习题三
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries，in particular，how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution，but__2__retirement could help.
Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal，but it is a socially__3__one，and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50 years，low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments，which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries，are__9__to rise，on average，by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they__11__for.
Action is needed，__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__(and cost)of public pensions，or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions within the system，though necessary steps，may be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment，many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely，the thinking goes，if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down，then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.
1.[A] unsolvable [B] additional [C] unsustainable [D] undue
2.[A] delaying [B] retaining [C] detaining [D] hindering
3.[A] ultimate [B] unattainable [C] specific [D] expensive
4.[A] substantial [B] essential [C] potential [D] controversial
5.[A] donating [B] sponsoring [C] subsidizing [D] funding
6.[A] outlook [B] outcome [C] outbreak [D] outset
7.[A] prolonging [B] expanding [C] soaring [D] rising
8.[A] in [B] on [C] by [D] for
9.[A] conceived [B] reckoned [C] expected [D] meant
10.[A] As [B] Such [C] So [D] It
11.[A] should pay [B] paying [C] be paid [D] would pay
12.[A] but [B] for [C] and [D] thus
13.[A] multitude [B] implementation [C] application [D] generosity
14.[A] exaggerate [B] augment [C] magnify [D] multiply
15.[A] insufficient [B] influential [C] inefficient [D] intrinsic
16.[A] advancing [B] previous [C] ahead [D] preceding
17.[A] suspensions [B] abundances [C] redundancies [D] discrepancies
18.[A] for [B] to [C] about [D] at
19.[A] turbulent [B] strenuous [C] compact [D] intricate
20.[A] dependency [B] fertility [C] present [D] mortality
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B
11.C 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C
总体分析
本文主要讨论了老龄化给经合组织国家现存养老体系带来的挑战。文章第一段指出老龄化给经合组织国家带来的挑战，并提出推迟退休可能对解决该问题有所帮助。第二段分析了早退休给养老体系带来的问题，即越来越多的人早退休而寿命延长，随着出生率的降低，就会有更多退休的人依靠更少工作的人来为他们养老，养老金在国家财政中所占的比例增加，成为无法承受的负担。第三段探讨了解决方法，指出仅仅减少公共养老金的数量，增加私有养老的比例是不够的，许多政府在考虑说服人们晚退休。
全文翻译
老龄化给经合组织国家，尤其是在如何支付未来的公共养老金负债方面，带来了严重的挑战。早退休给退休金的融资带来了难以承受的负担。没有什么简单的解决方案，但推迟退休(年龄)可能有所帮助。
早退休可能看起来是个值得追求的个人目标，但对于社会来说却是昂贵的，它使当前的公共养老金系统难以持久。基本原因是更多的人退休早而寿命却更长。这意味着更多的退休人员要依赖在职者的资助作为收入。这一前景是令人担忧的。未来50年，经合组织国家的低出生率和预期寿命的增加将使这一老年依赖率提高大约一倍。占经合组织国家全部退休收入30%-80%的公共退休金的支出，在国内生产总值中的比例预期将平均增加超过三个百分点，而在有些国家甚至会增加八个百分点。养老基金的压力如此之大以至于现在的工人有得不到他们预期或认为应该得到的养老金的危险。
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