考研英语核心词汇表「最新」

2017年考研英语核心词汇表「最新」

　　以下是CN人才网小编为大家整理的最新2017考研英语核心词汇表，希望对大家有所帮助。

　　abide 遵循(…by);容忍 The one thing she cannot abide is lying.

　　abnormal 反常的 abnormal behavior

　　abolish 彻底废除(法律、制度、习俗等)abolish old custom

　　abrupt 突然的，意外的 an abrupt departure

　　absolute 纯粹的，完全的 have absolute trust in sb.

　　absorb 吸收，吸进 A sponge absorbs water.

　　abstract 抽象的 A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.

　　absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的 The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.

　　abuse 滥用 abuse one's authority(office)

　　aaccelerate 加速，增速 accelerate one’s steps

　　access 接近(或进入)的机会 have regular and immediate access to the President

　　accommodate 使适应，使符合一致 accommodate oneself to changed circumstances

　　accompany 陪伴，伴随 She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.

　　accomplish 达到(目的)，完成(任务)，实现(计划，诺言等) accomplish one's purpose

　　accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.

　　account 记述，叙述 give a brief account of what has happened

　　accumulate 积累，积攒，积聚 accumulate wisdom

　　accurate 准确的，精确的 an accurate estimate

　　accuse 指控，指责 They accused her publicly of stealing their books.

　　accustom 使习惯于 accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early

　　acquaint 使认识，使了解

　　activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动 They have planted secret agents in many countries

　　who could be activated whenever needed.

　　acute 尖锐的，敏锐的 an acute thinker

　　adapt (使)适应 adapt oneself to new conditions

　　address 演说 a television address

　　adhere 黏附，附着 Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.

　　adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbs

　　adjoin 贴近，与...毗邻 His house adjoins the lake.

　　administrate 掌管，料理...的事务 In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife.

　　adolescent (尤指 16 岁以下的)青少年 a film aimed at adolescents

　　advance 使向前移动 advance a chessman

　　advantage 有利条件，优点 Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.

　　adverse 不友好的，敌对的 She felt adverse to her husband's friends.

　　advocate 拥护，提倡，主张 advocate self-defence

　　aesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美 an aesthetic theory

　　affliliate 使隶属(或附属)于，使成为会员 a government affiliated company

　　affirm 断言，申明 affirm the truth of a statement

　　aggravate 加重，加剧，恶化 aggravate the declining economy

　　aggressive 侵犯的，侵略的 an aggressive weapon

　　agitate 搅动(液体等) The machine agitated the mixture.

　　alarm 惊恐，忧虑 The bandits scattered in alarm.

　　alert 警惕的，留神的 In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.

　　alien 外国的 adjust to an alien culture

　　allege 断言，宣称 The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.

　　allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给 allocate funds for new projects

　　allied 结盟的，有关联的 allied nations

　　allow 允给，准许，允许 He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.

　　allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowance

　　alter 改变，更改 alter an attitude

　　alternate 交替，轮流 Night and day alternate.

　　amateur (艺术，科学等的)业余爱好者 an amateur golfer

　　amaze 使惊愕，使惊异 I am amazed that he should get the post.

　　ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的 an ambiguous answer

　　ambition (对名利等的)强烈欲望，野心 His political ambitions still burn.

　　amend 修改，修订 amend the spelling in sb.'s paper

　　amuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐(或消遣) The clown at the circus amused the children.

　　anchor 锚 The anchor catches (drags).

　　announce 宣布，声称 It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.

　　annoy 使恼怒，使生气 She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.

　　annual 每年的，年度的 the annual output of steel

　　anonymous 匿名的，无名的 an anonymous letter (phone call)

　　answer 回答，响应 Henry took ages to answer the door.

　　anticipate 预期，预料 The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).

　　anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.

　　apart 成零碎 Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.

　　apparent 显然的，明明白白的 It was apparent that they all understood.

　　appeal 呼吁，恳求 I appealed to the children to make less noise.

　　applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好 The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.

　　apply 涂，敷 He applied two coats of paint to the table.

　　appoint 任命，委派 They appointed his father (to be 或 as) postmaster.

　　appraise 估量，估计 appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激 I appreciated your help much.

　　apprehend 对...担心 Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?

　　approach 靠近，接近 John is approaching manhood.

　　appropriate 恰当的，相称的 Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.

　　approve 赞成，同意 I couldn't approve his conduct.

　　approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的 The approximate time is 10 o'clock.

　　apt (习性)易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.

　　arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的 an arbitrary choice

　　arise 起立，起身 arise from one's seat

　　arouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.

　　array 排列，队形 The troops were formed in battle array.

　　articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的 He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.

　　artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的 artificial price controls

　　ascend 登高，(渐渐)上升，升高 The airplane ascended into the cloud.

　　ascertain 查明，弄清，确定 I ascertained that he was dead.

　　ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的 I am ashamed for being so stupid.

　　ashore 向岸，向陆地 He swam ashore.

　　aside 在旁边 We stood aside to let her pass.

　　assault 攻击，袭击 We made an assault on the enemy fort.

　　assemble 集合，召集 assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.

　　assert 肯定地说(出)，坚定地断言 He asserted his innocence.

　　assess 估价，评价，评论 assess the present state of the economy

　　assign 分配，布置(作业) The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.

　　assimilate 吸收，消化 He is quick to assimilate new ideas.

　　associate (使)联系，(使)结合 We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.

　　assume 假定，假设 Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable.

　　assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证

　　assurance 保证，把握，信心 He gave me his assurance that he would help.

　　astonish 使惊讶 I was astonished at his sudden appearance.

　　attach 系，贴，连接 attach a label to a suitcase

　　attain 达到，获得 attain one’s goal

　　attend 出席，参加(会议等) attend a wedding

　　attendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.

　　attentive 注意的，专心的 an attentive audience

　　attribute 把归因于，把......(过错的责任等)归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work.

　　auxiliary 辅助的 an auxiliary rocket

　　avail 有利于，有助于 Will force alone avail us?

　　average 平均数，平均 The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.

　　avert 挡开，防止，避免 Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.

　　awake 醒，觉醒 awake from sleep

　　award 授予(奖品等) The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban (以官方明令)禁止，取缔 He was banned from entering the city.

　　bang (突发的) sudden loud bang

　　bar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of gold

　　bare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的 walk in bare feet

　　beforehand 预先，事先 If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.

　　behave 举止端正，听话 Do behave.

　　bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂 I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.

　　bias 偏见，偏心 have a bias against sb.(或 sth.)

　　blame 责备，责怪 Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.

　　blast 一阵(风)，一股(气流) a blast of wind

　　blaze 火焰 The fire sprang into a blaze.

　　blunt 钝的 The sunwas blazing down and the heat was oppressive.

　　blush (因害羞、激动、窘困)脸红 blush with(或 for) joy

　　boast 自吹自擂，自夸的话 He is full of boasts.

　　bolt 螺栓，(门，窗的)插销 a small bag of nuts and bolts

　　boom 低沉有回响的声音 The great bell tolled with a deep boom.

　　border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand

　　bore 钻孔，挖(通道) bore through a wall

　　bounce 弹起，反弹 The ball doesn’t bounce well.

　　bound 跳跃，弹回 She bounded to her feet andwaved her right hand triumphantly.

　　boycott (联合起来)抑制，拒绝参加 boycott uncooperative manufactures

　　brace 托架，支架 He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.

　　breed (使)繁殖 Rabbits breed families rapidly.

　　bribe 贿赂 accept(或 take)a bribe from sb.

　　brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holiday

　　brisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pace

　　brittle 易碎的，一碰就破的 brittle glass

　　brush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brush

　　bump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.

　　burst 爆炸，爆裂 The boiler burst.

　　calculate 计算，推算 calculate the distance between New York and Chicago

　　call 喊，叫 Please call the names of all the people who are present.

　　cancel 取消，废除，删去 cancel a trip

　　capture 俘虏，捕获 capture butterflies

　　case 事例，事实，事情 This is a case of poor judgment.

　　cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷 cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme

　　casual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meeting

　　cease 停止，终止，结束 The music ceased suddenly.

　　certify 证明，证实 The accounts were certified (as) correct.

　　challenge 向...挑战 Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.

　　character (事物的)性质，特质 The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character.

　　charge 要(价)，收(费) The airlines charge half price for students.

　　charm 魅力，魔力 This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase 追逐，追求 The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.

　　check 使突然停止，制止 check one’s steps

　　cherish 珍爱，珍视 cherish one’s native land

　　chew 嚼，咀嚼 He chewed a mouthful of meat.

　　choke 窒息，噎住 be choked by smoke

　　chorus 合唱队

　　chronic (疾病)慢性的，(人)久病的 chronic indigestion

　　clarity 澄清，阐明 clarify an issue

　　cling 粘着 The frightened child clung to her mother.

　　clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boy

　　cluster (果实，花等的)串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of tourists

　　clutch 紧抓，紧握 clutch at an opportunity

　　coherent 一致的，协调的 lack coherent political goals

　　coin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coin

　　coincide 相符，相一致 100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.

　　collaborate (尤指在文艺、科学等方面)合作，协作 He and I collaborated in writing plays.

　　collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解 The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.

　　collide 碰撞，互撞 The car collided with the truck.

　　come 来，来到 Will you come to the dance tonight?

　　commemorate 纪念，庆祝 commemorate a holiday

　　commend 表扬，称赞 commend a soldier for bravery

　　compact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggage

　　compare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machine

　　compatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的 You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.

　　compile 汇编，编制 compile an anthology of poems

　　comply 遵从，顺从，服从 comply with rules(safety regulations)

　　compose 组成，构成 England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.

　　compress 压缩 He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences

　　comprise 包含，包括 The shipyard comprises three docks.

　　compromise 妥协，折衷 compromise over the hard-fought next.

　　compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subject

　　conceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 He concealed his disappointment from his friends.

　　conceive 构想出，设想 conceive an idea

　　concentrate 集中，专心 concentrate one’s attention

　　condemn 谴责 We all condemn cruelty to children.

　　condense (使)压缩，(使)凝结，使简洁 condense a speech to half

　　confer 商谈，商议 confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.

　　confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔 confess one’s crime

　　confidence 信任 break sb.’s confidence

　　confine 限制，使局限 They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.

　　confirm 证实，肯定 confirm a rumour

　　conflict (尤指长期的)战争，战斗 The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.

　　conform 遵照，适应 confirm to(或 with) the rules(the law)confront (使)面临，(使)遭遇 The war confronted him with hardships.

　　confuse 使混乱，混淆 He confused the arrangements by arriving late.

　　connect 连接，连接 The bridge connects the island with(或 to) the mainland.

　　conscious 意识到的，自觉地 They were conscious that he disapproved.

　　consent 同意，赞同，准许 The people will never consent to another war.

　　conserve 保护，保藏，保存 conserve natural resources

　　consider 考虑，细想 Consider carefully before doing anything.

　　consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.

　　consolidate 巩固，加强 consolidate one’s position

　　conspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的 He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on astage.

　　constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noise

　　constitute 组成，构成 constitute a threat to sb.

　　consult 请教，与......商量 consult a doctor about one’s illness

　　consume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in reading

　　contact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sb

　　contain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve items

　　contaminate 弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the air

　　contempt 轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sb

　　contest 竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region

　　contract 合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact with

　　contradict 反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theory

　　contrary 相反的,对抗的:take the contrary view

　　contrast 对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of government

　　contribute 捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every payday

　　contrive 设计,想出:contrive a new method

　　controversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversy

　　convention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a convention

　　convert 转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gas

　　convey 运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric current

　　convict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smuggling

　　coordinate 调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agencies

　　cordial 热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)

　　correspond 相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation

　　correspondent 通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondent

　　corresponding 符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints

　　corrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and seller

　　corrupt 堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt life

　　count 数,计算: count the money

　　course 课程,科目:an English course

　　courtesy 谦恭有礼。有礼的举止(或)言辞：come in without courtesy

　　credit 信任，可信性：I have full credit in your ability to do the job。

　　crucial 决定性的，关键性的：a crucial decisioncue 提示，暗号，信号：throw cues to sb

　　cultivate 耕作，栽培，养殖：cultivate vegetables

　　cure 治愈，医治：this medicine cured him of his pains。

　　cut 切，割，剪，砍，削; The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.

　　dawn 黎明，拂晓 work from dawn to dark

　　dazzle (强光等)使目眩，耀眼：He was dazzled by his sudden success.

　　deceive 欺骗，蒙蔽：deceive oneself

　　decent 体面的，像样的:She didn’t have a decent dress for the ball.

　　decline 拒绝，谢绝：We sent him an invitation but he declined.

　　decompose 分解，腐烂，腐败：decompose a compound into its elements.

　　dedicate 奉献，把。。。用在(to): The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure.

　　deduce 演绎，推论：From her conversation, I deduced that she had a large family.

　　define 解释，给。。。下定义: People define him as a genius.

　　deform(使)变形：Heat deforms plastic.

　　defy 公然违抗，反抗：He was going ahead defying all difficulties.

　　degenerate 衰退，堕落，变坏(into): Her eyesight degenerated with the years.

　　deliberate 慎重的，深思熟虑的：The government is taking deliberate action to lower prices.

　　delight 高兴，快乐：To the teacher’s great delight , all his students passed the examination.

　　deliver 投递，传送，运输：deliver the mail

　　demonstrate 论证，证明 ：demonstrate a philosophical principle

　　denote 表示，是。。。的标志，意思是：A frown often denotes displeasure.

　　dense 稠密的，密集的:a dense forest

　　deposit 存放： She deposited her bag in the cloakroom.

　　depress 使沮丧，使消沉：That movie depressed me.

　　deprive 剥夺，使丧失：deprive sb. of his property

　　derive 取得，得到：He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father.

　　descend 下来，下降：Darkness descended too soon.

　　deserve 应得，值得：The question deserves consideration.

　　designate 指明，表明：designate boundaries

　　desolate 荒芜的，不毛的：desolate land

　　despise 蔑视，鄙视：He despises flattery.

　　detach 拆卸：They detached their trailer and set up camp.

　　detain 留住，担搁：be detained by business.

　　detect (当场)发现(某人在干坏事):detect a student cheating

　　deteriorate (使)恶化,(使)变坏,(使)退化: Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate.

　　deviate 背离，偏离：deviate from the rule

　　devote 将...献给(to):Mary devoted her life to caring for the sick.

　　diagnose 诊断，判断：The doctor diagnosed the illness as influenza.

　　dictate 口授，使听写：dictate a letter to a secretary

　　differentiate 使不同，使有差别，区分，区别：differentiate varieties of plants

　　diffuse 扩散(气体，液体等)：The colors of the sunset were diffused across the sky.

　　diminish 减少，降低：His illness diminished his strength.diplomat 外交家，外交官，圆滑的人：a career diplomat

　　discard 丢弃，抛弃：discard an old pair of shoes

　　discern 看出，觉察出：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.

　　disclose 揭露，透露，使公开：disclose information to sb.

　　discharge 释放：The judge found him not guilty and discharged him.

　　discount 把(价格，费用等)打折扣，削价出售：The store discounts 3 per cent on all bills paid when due.

　　discriminate 区别，辨别：It’s difficult to discriminate between the twin brothers.

　　disgrace 丢脸，耻辱：bring disgrace on oneself

　　disgust 厌恶，恶心：feel disgust for bad odors

　　disperse 分散，驱散，散去：Police dispersed the rioters with tear gas

　　displace 移动。。。的位置：Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwaters

　　dispose 布置，整理:The stores disposed the jewellery in an attractive display

　　disregard 不理会，不顾：Disregard the noise and keep working

　　distinct 有区别的，不同的：Three distinct types of people

　　distort 扭歪，扭曲：a face distorted by (或 with)pain

　　distract 使转向：be distracted from one’s original purpose

　　distribute 分配，分发：distribute the prizes among the winners

　　divorce 离婚，分离，脱离：sue for a divorce

　　dominate 分配，统治：a white dominated society

　　donate 捐赠，赠送：They donate to the Red Cross every year.

　　doom 命运，厄运，劫数：His doom was to be poverty.

　　doze 打瞌睡，打盹儿：The old lady dozed in her armchair.

　　drain 慢慢排去：drain water from a pool

　　dread 怕，畏惧:I dread to think of what may happen.

　　drift 漂流，漂泊：The sounds of music drifted up to us.

　　dubious 引起怀疑的，不确定的：a dubious reply

　　due 欠款的，应支付的：A great deal of money is due to you.

　　dump 倾倒，倾卸：He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.

　　duplicate 完全一样的，复制的：a duplicate key

　　durable 耐用的：a durable fabric

　　dwell (dwelt 或 dwelled )(尤指作为常住居民)居住: dwell on an island

　　economical 节约的,节俭的,经济的: an economical stove

　　edge 边,棱: At the edge of the lake women were doing their washing

　　edible 可以吃的,可食用的:edible oil

　　elaborate 精心计划(或制作)的,详尽的:an elaborate plot

　　elevate 举起,提高,抬起:elevate the living standards of the people

　　eliminate 排除,消除:eliminate the exploitation of man by man

　　elite 出类拔萃的人(或物),精华:the elite of the society

　　eloquent 雄辩的,口才流利的,有说服力的:an eloquent spokesman

　　embark 上船(或飞机,汽车等):embark for Europe at New York harbor

　　embody 使具体化,表现:embody principles in actions

　　embrace 拥抱:She embraced her son tenderlyemigrate 移居外国(或外地区):emigrate from Canada to Australia

　　emit 发出,散发(光,热,电度,声音,液体,气味等),发射电子:The chimney emitted a cloud of smoke

　　enclose (从四面八方)围住,包围:enclose a porch with glass

　　encounter 意外的遇见,遭遇:encounter an old friend in the theatre

　　endeavor (为达到某一目的而)努力,尝试:How much he endeavored, goal stayed unattained

　　energy 活力,精力:a man of energy

　　enforce 实施,使生效:The principal enforced the rules of the school

　　engage (用契约诺言等)约束,使订婚:He engaged himself as an apprentice to a printer

　　enhance 提高(价格,质量,吸引力等),增加,增强:enhance one’s reputation

　　enlighten 启发,使摆脱偏见(或迷信)Would you enlighten me on your plans for the future?

　　enroll 吸收(成员),招生:The school enrolled about 300 pupils last year

　　ensure 保证,担保:His industriousness and ability will ensure his success

　　entertain 给。。。娱乐,使有兴趣:The child is entertaining himself with his building blocks

　　entitle 给。。。权利,给。。。资格(to):Robert was entitled to see the documents

　　equivalent 相等的,相同的:The misery of such a position is equivalent to its happiness

　　erase 擦掉,抹掉,消除:erase the chalk marks

　　erect 竖直的,垂直的,竖起的:an erect tree

　　erupt (火山,喷泉等)喷发:The volcano is due to erupt any day

　　essence 本质,实质,要素:Being thoughtful of others is the essence of politeness

　　eternal 永恒的,永存的,永久的:eternal truths

　　evaluate 估价,评价:evaluate property

　　evaporate (使)蒸发,(使)挥发:Heats evaporate water

　　exaggerate 夸张,夸大,对…言过其实:keep to the facts and don’t exaggerate

　　exceed 超出,胜过:Her performance exceeded all the others

　　excess 超越,超过:an excess of supply over demand

　　execute 实行,实施,执行,履行:execute a plan

　　exemplify 例示,举例证明,是…的例证(或榜样等):The teacher exemplified the use of the word

　　exert 用力,尽力:exert all one’s strength

　　exhaust 汲空,抽完:exhaust a well

　　expand 扩大,扩展,膨胀:Reading(travel)expands one’s mind

　　expel 驱逐,赶走:expel an invader from a country

　　expend 花费,消费(on, in):They expended all their strength in (on) trying to climb out

　　expire 满期,届期,(期限)终止:His term of office expires this year

　　explicit 详尽的,明确的:give explicit directions

　　exploit 英勇的或冒险的行为或事迹:The daring of exploit of the parachutists were much admired

　　exterior 外部的,外面的,外表的:exterior decorations

　　external 外面的,外部的:external signs of a disease

　　extinct (火等)熄灭了的:an extinct cigarette(fire)

　　extinguish 熄灭,扑灭:extinguish a cigarette(candle)

　　extract 取出,提取:extract a confession

　　extravagant 奢侈的,浪费的:be extravagant in one’s way of living

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