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考研英语不定式语法重难点精解

时间:2021-01-06 17:06:15 考研英语 我要投稿

2017考研英语不定式语法重难点精解

  下面是CN人才网小编为大家整理的考研英语中的不定式重点难点解读,希望对大家有所帮助。

2017考研英语不定式语法重难点精解

  1. 充当宾语补足语

  (1)有些及物动词宾语后常接不定式作宾语补足语,构成复合宾语,如ask, advise, allow, command, compel, enable, encourage, expect, invite, tell, force, wish, want, like, oblige, order, permit, prefer, persuade, remind, request, require, send, warn, cause, trouble, urge, instruct, help, lead, press, drive等。

  例句: As a way of coping with the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.

  (1999年第28题)

  分析: 该句是并列句。分词短语asking the senders to write again later修饰slips,介词短语As a way of coping with the mails在句中作状语。

  译文: 作为他们外出时处理邮件的一种方法,约翰逊一家让清洁女工给写信人寄去事先印好的便条,让他们以后再来信。

  例句: “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the market place?” (选自2003年Text 3)

  分析: 该句是复合句。其中who wins and who loses...在句中作介词of的宾语。

  译文: “难道我们真的要让铁路公司成为决定市场上谁兴谁衰的仲裁者吗?”

  (2)下列动词接不定式作宾语补足语时常省略不定式符号to。如:see, watch, observe, notice, feel, hear, perceive, smell, look at, listen to, have, make, let等,但以上动词用于被动语态时,要加上to。

  例句: A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations. (选自2011年Text 2)

  分析: 该句是简单句。cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations在句中作宾语senior managers的补足语,而cloud their reputations又作宾语vague pronouncements的补足语,cloud前省略了to,其意为“使混乱,玷污”。

  译文: 一种动荡的商业环境同样使得高管们小心谨慎,以避免模糊的表态有损他们的声誉。

  例句: He was let to come in and sit with other workmates who had already completed their work.

  分析: 该句是复合句。定语从句who had already completed their work修饰other workmates。

  译文: 有人让他进来和那些已经做完活计的工友们坐在一起。

  (3)不定式在介词except,but后作宾语时,其前有动词do的`某种形式要省去to,反之加上to。

  例句: My mother alone is in the railway station, so she has nothing to do except/but wait for me.

  分析: 该句是并列句。

  译文: 母亲一个人在车站,所以除了等我外,她无事可做。

  例句: That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but/except to call in the police.

  分析: 该句是复合句。第二个that后引导一个状语从句,表示结果。

  译文: 问题过于严重,于是除了给警察打电话外,我别无他法。

  2. 充当主语补足语把带有宾语补足语的谓语动词转变成被动语态时,原来的宾语补足语也转变成主语补足语。

  例句: He wasn?t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, being considered insufficiently popular with all members. (1998年第9题)

  分析: 该句是简单句。分词being considered...在句中作状语表示原因,相当于because he had been considered insufficiently...;to take on为主语补足语。

  译文: 考虑到他不能受到每个成员的欢迎,所以没有邀请他担任协会的主席之职。

  例句: We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering,a more formal kind of education—that of direct tuition or schooling. (2009年第50题)

  分析: 该句是复合句。句子主干结构是we are thus led to distinguish a more formal kind of education, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering 在整个句子中作状语,其中which引导一个定语从句,修饰the broad educational process;破折号后的内容作a more formal kind of education的同位语。

  译文: 因此,这就使得我们得以在一直讨论的广义的教育过程中,进一步区别出一种更为正规的教育,即直接教学或学校教育。

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