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考研英语模拟试题及答案解析
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2024年考研英语模拟试题及答案
在各个领域，我们最不陌生的就是试题了，试题可以帮助主办方了解考生某方面的知识或技能状况。还在为找参考试题而苦恼吗？下面是小编为大家整理的2024年考研英语模拟试题及答案，希望能够帮助到大家。
考研英语模拟试题及答案1
路线：请仔细阅读下面的文字下划线段，然后翻译成中文。范文II，你的翻译应该写清楚。
1) During the adolescence, the development of political ideology becomes apparent in the individual ; ideology here is defined as the presence of roughly consistent attitudes, more or less organized in reference to a more encompassing set of general principles. As such, political ideology is dim or absent at the beginning of adolescence. Its acquisition by the adolescent, in even the most modest sense, requires the acquisition of relatively sophisticated cognitive skills: the ability to manage abstractness, to synthesize and generalize, to imagine the future. These are accompanied by a steady advance in the ability to understand principles.
在青春期，孩子的快速获取政治知识的增长也促进了政治意识形态。
2)知识，我的意思是超过平淡的“事实”，如国家政府的组成，使孩子暴露在常规的九年级学校课程。我也不意味着当前的政治现实的唯一信息。
3)这些事实的知识，但他们都不如青少年的一颗颗潜假设有关政治制度，包括了解常见的地面，例如感觉吸收关键的，什么状态，可以“适当”的需求，其公民，反之亦然，或“正确”的政府关系，对子公司的社会机构，如学校和教堂。因此，政治知识是社会的假设和关系的意识，以及客观事实。4)许多天真刻画年轻的青少年的政治把握茎不是从“事实”的无知，但一个不完整的理解系统的共同的约定，什么是和是不是习惯做，如何和为什么它是做或不。
但我不希望过分增加形成青少年思想政治知识的意义。多年来，我已成为这类知识的中心地位逐渐醒悟，终于相信那么多的政治社会化，目前的工作过于依赖其明显的收购，在青春期的政治理解的节奏被误导。
5)正如年轻的孩子能数数系列无抓协调的原则，未成年人可能在他们头上的许多政治信息的随机位没有一个安全的理解这些概念，这将使秩序和意义的信息。
儿童心目中拿起位的数据块，但直到青春期已掌握的概念和原则提供无所不包的功能，数据依然零散的，随机的，无序的。
写作
A部分
方向：你的好朋友疼痛考入了著名的清华大学数学科学的学生，作为一个法师。他写了一封信，祝贺他的成就，并表达你的问候。
你应该写大约100字范文(二)。在信的结尾，不要签署自己的名字。使用“李明”代替。你不需要写地址。
B部分
方向：仔细研究。下面的图片，并写160～200字的短文，在里面你应该
1)Piefly描述附图，
2)解释它的本意反映，
3)给您的评论。
参考答案：
1)
[要点]被动语态的翻译;非谓语动词的翻译
[句法]并列句翻译注意：
(1)被定义为翻译成主动语态，译为“是指”(2)
[词法]
(1)一致的相对比，可以翻译为“有经织的，协调的”。
2)
[要点]定语从句的翻译被动语态的翻译;
[句法]复合句，引导的定语从句修饰的事实，在从句中作暴露在的宾语;如 暴露在翻译成主动语态“教授给”。
[词法知识指前面提到的政治知识，因此增词译作“政治知识”。
3) 这些是具体的知识，但是青少年吸收理解许多关于政治系统的不言而喻的假定要更重要一些。这些假定，例如国家可以“适当地”对民众提出什么要求或民众对国家提出什么要求，以及政府与学校、教会等社会辅助机构之间“特定的”关系等，形成了理解政治系统的共同基础。
[要点] 比较结构的翻译;代词they的翻译
[句法] 由but连接的并列复合句。than...schools and churches作比较状语。其中包含that引导的定语从句修饰assumptions;for example后面的两个例子是对assumptions的补充说明。翻译注意：因为but后面的分句主要讲absorption，所以有必要在翻译时将主语由they调整为absorption。因此less critical than的比较含义就应该按照逻辑顺序翻译为“更重要一些”。
[点拨] absorption of a feeling for意为“关于…的感受的吸收”，如果这样翻译将十分拗口，让人看不明白，因此将absorption和feeling合在一起处理为“吸收理解”。
4) 青少年对政治存有幼稚想法并非源于他们对“事实”的忽视，而是由于他们对政治系统的惯例不完全理解，对一些常规和非常规的做法以及事情该怎么做、为什么做或为什么不做等缺乏认识。
[要点] 定语从句的翻译;介词结构的翻译
[句法] 复合句。句子主干由not from...but from...串联而成。that引导的定语从句修饰naiveté;名词结构an incomplete comprehension后跟了三个of引导的介词结构。翻译注意：定语从句可以逆向翻译，省去这个从句，直接翻译为“青少年对政治存有幼稚想法”。of引导的介词结构由于较长，翻译时可重复其中心词。
5) 像儿童不用掌握排列原则就能学会数数一样，青少年也可以在脑海中形成许多随意而零碎的政治信息，而无需明确理解这些信息背后的概念。
[要点] 方式状语从句的翻译;定语从句的翻译
[句法] 复合句。as引导方式状语从句;that引导的定语从句修饰concepts，采用“前置法”翻译成“的”字结构。
[词法] secure的意思是“安全的;可靠的”，因其与understanding搭配，故引申为“明确理解”。
Writing
Part A
[参考范文]
Dear Pain,
I have learned with delight that you have been admitted by the famous Tsinghua University as a Master of Science student in Mathematics. I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations.
You must be very happy at the good news. I know this is surely owing to your talent and diligence. It is also a reward you richly deserve for your years of hard work. And as your good friend I feel very happy for you, too.
Kindly let me know when you are free. I hope that we have time to get together. Wish you a more successful future.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
[参考范文]
On Policy Making
①From the picture, we know that a man is weaving a bamboo basket.
On the one hand, he is going great guns to do his job.
③On the one hand, the baskets already made have formed a small mountain on which spiders are spinning webs. ④Symbolically, the bamboo baskets represent rules and regulations made by the authorities.
⑤Therefore, it can easily be seen that the picture is aiming at the phenomenon that nowadays rules and regulations are frequently made but rarely enforced.
⑥There are many reasons accounting for the above phenomenon.
⑦The most contributing one is that some policy makers dont take the reality into consideration when they lay down rules and regulations. As a result, these rules are only found useless.
⑧In addition, official corruption is part of the cause.
⑨To improve performance and get promotion, many officials go astray and mistakenly think that policies they formulate are a direct reflection of their achievements.
⑩Considering the above analysis, I think immediate measures should be taken to prevent the problem from deteriorating. On the one hand, policy makers should never abandon their tradition of doing things in a practical and realistic way. On the other hand, it is necessary for authorities to pay close attention to the enforcement of rules.
考研英语模拟试题及答案2
一、单项选择
1. Be careful．Don‘t _____ the coffee on your shirt．
A．fly B．kick C. spill D．catch
2. The worker is asking his boss for a(n)_____．
A．rise B．raise C．tease D. office
3. Ron didn’t to win because he cheated in the game！
A．deserve B．worth C．worthy D．deserved
4. The _____ girl often visited the old man on her way home from school.
A. twelve-year-old B. twelve-year-olds C. twelve-years-old D. twelfth-year-old
5. You haven‘t been to Beijing， have you？
_____. How I wish to go there！
A. Yes， I have. B.Yes， I haven’t C. No， I have D. No， I haven‘t
二、根据汉语完成下列句子，每空一词。
1．他为什么上学经常迟到？
__________ __________he often __________ __________ school？
2．李先生去伦敦是乘轮船还是飞机？
__________Mr. Li __________ __________ London by ship __________ by plane？
3．她阿姨现在在北京教英语。
Her aunt __________ __________ __________ in Beijing now.
4．他眼里含着泪说。
He says __________ __________ __________ his __________.
5．他为什么不早点来呢？
__________ __________he come __________ __________ __________？
答案
一、单项选择
1.C 解析：fly飞，kick踢，spill洒，倒，catch抓住，本句意思是不要把咖啡洒在衣服上。
2. A/B 解析：rise有加薪的意思，raise提起，raise也有加薪的意思，rise是英式英语，raise是美式英语，举起，tease戏弄，office办公室
3.A 解析：deserve是值得，应得的意思。Worth是有值得的意思，用法应该是worth doing.
4.A 解析：twelve-year-old相当于twelve years old
5.D 解析：本题考查反义疑问句的回答，根据实事求是原则，他想去，说明他没去过，应该用no.
二、根据汉语完成下列句子。
1. Why is， late for 解析：be late for 做==迟到
2. Does/Did， go to， or 解析：本题中时态没有特别明显的标志，用一般现在时或一般过去时均可。
3. is teaching English
4. with tears in， eyes 解析：with有表伴随，带着的意思。
5. Why didn’t， a little earlier
考研英语模拟试题及答案3
1. It is not easy ____ the answer to the difficult math problem.
A. to figure out B. figuring out C. figure out D. being figured out
【答案】A. 本题考查的是it 作形式主语，真正的主语是to do。这种句型很常见，例如：It’s difficult to find a job these days. 如今找一份工作很难。
2. He has already made up his mind. It’s no use_____ him.
A. try to persuade B. trying to persuade
C. to try to persuade D. to try persuading
【答案】B It is no use doing sth.“作某事没有用”是固定搭配。Ing做真正主语。
3. ____ is one of good properties of this metal.
A. Light in weight B. Having been light in weight
C. Be light in weight D. Being light in weight
【答案】D 主语应该是名词性质，因此排除A项，因为light 是形容词;也排除C 项，be light in weight 不能作为名词词性;而此句陈述的是客观真理，应该用一般现在时而不是完成时， 所以选D项。D项意为“质量轻 ”，in 表示“在某方面 ”，weight “质量，重量 ”;句意为“重量轻是这种金属的优良特征之一。”
4. Its necessary for them ____ another chance.
A. to give B. to be given C. being given D. giving
【答案】B 再给他们一次机会是很重要的。不定式作主语。
5. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having
【答案】D 面试之前有必要做好准备，提前准备好答案会很有帮助。Ing形式做主语。
6. We shall appreciate ____ from you soon.
A. being heard B. hearing C. to hear D. having been heard
【答案】B。appreciate+doing：“感谢，欣赏”。此处hear from sb：从……收到来信，应该用主动语态，后面的sb.是hear from的宾语，故A,C和D项不对。
7. Don’t risk ___ the job which so many people want.
A. losing B. to lose C. lost D. your life to lose
【答案】A。risk后面接doing形式，意为：冒险做某事。
8. The scientist didn’t mind_____ and went on with his investigation.
A. laughing at B. to be laughed at
C. being laughed at D. laughed at
【答案】C mind doing sth.“介意”是固定搭配;而此处科学家是被嘲笑的对象，是“介意被嘲笑”，所以选被动式C项being laughed at.
9. John suggested ____ anything about it until they found out more facts.
A. not to say B. saying not C. to say not D. not saying
【答案】D suggest后面只能用 doing,不能用to do,否定副词not的位置应该在doing之前。
10. I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.
A. to have had time B. having time
C. to have time D. to having time
【答案】B。appreciate doing
11. He forgot about ___ him to attend my wife’s birthday party.
A. I asking B. my asking C. me to ask D. mine to ask
【答案】B forget(about)后面应该接名词、从句或动名词(复合结构)作宾语，此时其逻辑主语要用所有格形式，即“物主代词/名词所有格形式+动名词”结构。故选B项。
12. We all feel sorry for ___ for so long after your arrival.
A. keep you waiting B. having kept you waiting
C. waiting for you D. keep you wait
【答案】B。介词后面要跟动名词做宾语，当动名词的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生时，要用动名词的完成式。Thank you for having helped me so much.感谢你给了我这么多的帮助。
13. Because of the heavy rain, they had to put off ______the sports meet.
A. taking place B. to take place C. holding D. to hold
【答案】C。因为雨下得很大，他们不得不推迟运动会。Ing在介词后做宾语。
14. The whole afternoon was spent in___ games on computer. That’s to say, he wasted the whole afternoon in __ nothing worth at all.
A. playing, doing B. playing, to do C. to play, doing D. to play, to do
【答案】A。整个下午都花到电脑游戏上了。也就是说，他浪费了这个下午没有做任何值得做的事。Ing在介词后做宾语。
15. Mr. Zhang insisted on _________ abroad for further study.
A. sending B. be sent C. being sent D. send
【答案】C。张先生坚持要被送到国外进修。Ing在介词后做宾语。
16. Do you feel like_____ today? (QE04-11-23)
A. having something eaten
B. having something to eat
C. to have something eaten
D. to have something to eat
【答案】B feel like doing sth：想要做某事，固定搭配。have sth. to eat吃点儿东西。因此B为正确答案。本句的意思为：“今天想吃点什么?”
17. You don’t know about the difficulty I had ______ the work then at all.
A. done B. to do C. for doing D. in doing
【答案】B此题考查的是固定用法have difficulty (in) doing sth,属于对动名词用法的考察。
18.I know it’s not important, but I can’t help __about it.
A. to think B. and think C. thinking D. being thought
【答案】C。can’t help doing禁不住做某事。我知道这不重要，但是禁不住还是想着它。
19. Sandy could do nothing but ____ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit
【答案】A。姗迪只能向老师承认他错了。do nothing but do只能做某事。
20. The party they invited us to turned out _______a great success.
A. to be B. like C. as D. to do
【答案】A。他们邀请我们参加的那个晚会很成功。Turn out to be结果是
21. I am considering ___my job as I’m not getting on well with my boss.
A. changing B. to change C. changed D. to be changed
【答案】A consider后面接动名词做宾语，表“考虑做某事”;consider sb./sth. to do表“认为”。因此A为正确答案。本句的意思是：“我正在考虑换工作，因为我和老板关系不太好。”如：We are considering learning a foreign language.我们正在考虑学一门外语。
22. Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computers.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
【答案】C此题考查的是非谓语动词中不定式的用法。Be considered/said/ believed to do 表示：据认为/据说/据相信做……，而后面的动作若已经发生，则用完成时表示，故选to have invented.
23. Mary regretted ___ to John’s birthday party last Sunday.
A. not going B. not to go C. not having been going D. not to be going
【答案】A。regret后面要跟动名词做宾语，动名词的否定式是在动名词之前直接加not。
24. I regret _______ you that we are unable to offer you a job.
A. in forming B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing
【答案】C。regret to do sth.遗憾做某事。我很遗憾的告诉你我们不能给你这份工作。
25. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
【答案】A。means doing意味着。在伦敦的某些地方，错过汽车意味着再等一个小时。
26. I meant _________ you, but I was so busy.
A. to call on B. calling on C. to call at D. calling at
【答案】A。mean to do打算做某事。我打算给你打电话的，但是我很忙。
27. He remembered ____ to the zoo by his father when he was little.
A. being taken B. taking C. have been taken D. to have taken
【答案】A 句意为“他记得小时候被爸爸带到动物园去.”由于他是被带者，因此应当用被动式，选A.关于remember的搭配有remember doing sth, 指“记得做某事”，并且已经做了，或者remember to do sth, 指记得要去做某事，而这件事情尚未完成。
28. As she is looking forward to ________ from me, please remember ________ this letter on your way to school.
A. hear, post B. hearing, to post
C. be heard, posting D. be hearing, to posting
【答案】B 因为她正盼望着收到我的来信，记得上学路上把信寄出去。Look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事。Remember to do sth.记得做某事。
29. In a few weeks time we ________ them ________ the forest.
A. stop, destroying B. stopped, to destroy
C. will stop, to destroy D. will stop, destroying
【答案】D 几个星期后，我将阻止他们破会森林。stop doing阻止某人做某事。
30. The bus didnt stop _________ up the passengers, because it was full.
A. to pick B. pick C. picking D. picked
【答案】A stop to do停下来去做某事。汽车没有停下来让乘客上课，因为车满了。
31. The old man is used to ___ early in the morning.
A. exercise B. exercising C. exercised D. exercises
【答案】B。be used to doing sth.：现在习惯于做…。句中的to是介词，因此后面接动名词。区别于used to do(过去习惯于)。
32. You don’t object ____ you by your first name, do you?
A. for me to call B. me to call C. my calling D. me calling
【答案】C object做动词表示“反对”的意义时后面应该接动名词(复合结构)，故排除A,B. 而object与动名词之间有代词时,应该用名词所有格或物主代词，其中名词所有格或物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。而D项me 是宾格,故排除D. 正确答案选C. 句意是“你不反对我叫你的名字,是不是?”
33. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up
【答案】B。瑞得先生决心把所有财产投入为贫穷孩子修建学校的事业当中。devote to doing投入于。
34. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
—The key _______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.
A. to solving, making B. to solving, made
C. to solve, making D. to solve, made
【答案】B。你如何处理公司和客户之间的分歧。解决问题的关键是满足客户的要求。the key to doing做某事的关键。Demand和make之间是被动关系。所以选择B。
35.We are looking forward to___the film____at the Grand Cinema.
A. seeing;to show B. see;shown C. seeing;shown D. see;to show
【答案】C。Look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事。我们非常盼望看在大影院上映的电影。
36. The question_____ at the meeting tomorrow is very important.
A. to discuss B. being discussed C. to be discussed D. will be discussed
【答案】C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。本句为动词不定式的被动式做定语，表示将要发生的动作。
37. The way I thought of _____ the animal was of great value.
A. protecting B. protect C. being protected D. to protect
【答案】D我提出的那个保护动物的方法非常有价值。不定式做定语修饰The way。
38. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed
【答案】C。有图片在你心里形成，而不是在眼前。
39. There may be, somewhere outside the solar system, intelligent life____ messages to us.
A. sends B. sent C. sending D. has sent
【答案】C 两个逗号中间为插入语，在分析句子结构时，可以省略;略去后得There may be intelligent life ___messages to us.因此后面的部分应该是intelligent life 的定语，选sending，相当于(that is )sending…; 全句意为“在太阳西外的某处，可能有某种正在项我们发送信息的有智慧的生命。”
40.——The last one ________ pays the meal.
——Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive . D. arriving
【答案】C。最后一个到人的付款。
41. John, ___the bet, had to pay for the dinner.
A. lost B. having lost C. losing D. having loss
【答案】B 此句测试分词短语的用法。分词短语的完成时表已经，做原因状语。本句的意思是：“约翰因为打赌输了，只好付饭钱。”
42. He is a student at Oxford University, ________ for a degree-in computer science.
A. studied B. studying
C. to have studied D. to be studying
【答案】B。他是一个在牛津大学学习的学生。
43. Three people, ___, were injured in the accident.
A. including a child B. include a child
C. included a child D. includes a child
【答案】A。include的现在分词或过去分词常可以引起一个短语，在句子中起解释作用。此短语可放在句末，用逗号与其他句子成分分开。Ten people were killed in the crash, including the pilot.十人在飞机失事中遇难，其中包括飞行员。因此A是正确答案。
44. The fisherman, ___ poor, could not buy another boat.
A. is B. was C. being D. been
【答案】C。分词短语作原因状语。本句的意思是“因为穷，这个渔夫买不起另一条船。”Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.因为太生气了，他不能入睡。
45. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage______ the girl and took her away, _____into the woods.
A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared
C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing
【答案】D。考查谓语动词和非谓语的辨别。首先看到and，判断and前面缺少谓语动词。排除A、C。而and后面已经有谓语动词，所以disappear应该用非谓语形式。Man和disappear是主动关系，因此排除A，选D。突然，这个驾着金色车子的高个男人抓住那个女孩，并把她带走了，消失在树林里。
46. ___ in the air, fuels give off heat.
A. To burn B. Burned C. To be burned D. Being burned
【答案】B分词做状语。fuel是burn的宾语，因此使用被动式;前半句相当于省略了的状语从句，全句为When fuels are burned in the air, fuels give off heat.
47. ____ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears a “blue planet”.
A. Seen B. Seeing C. To be seen D. Having seen
【答案】A 本题考察非谓语动词;see 的逻辑主语是句子的主语，即the earth, 是see (看)这个动作的对象，二者之间为动宾关系，所以应该用被动式。
48. ________ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.
A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attracted
【答案】B 被美景吸引，因此选被动
49. They sent us their statement, ___ to get our support.
A. hoped B. to hope C. hoping D. having hoped
【答案】C如果选A项,则它前面应有and,与主句构成并列关系. 排除A. to get our support本身即表示目的，没有必要再在前面加上不定式to hope表示目的,故排除B.而D项表示完成,从句没有完成的意思.故选C,现在分词短语作伴随状语. 句意是“他们给我们发了声明,希望获得我们的支持.”
50. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ______for a space flight.
A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained
【答案】D。他被送到那里进行太空航行训练。
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