初中英语知识点总结

时间：2022-12-31 23:49:09 考试辅导我要投稿

相关推荐

初中英语知识点总结

　　下面是小编给大家整理的初中英语知识点复习资料，希望对你的考试有所帮助。

初中英语知识点总结

　　第一部分：阅读理解

　　知识点总结

　　阅读理解主要考查学生一下几个方面的阅读理解能力：

　　1、理解和把握文章主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。

　　2、理解和把握文章具体信息来获取有关信息能力，及根据上下文提供的语境推测生词词义、句意，进而加深对文章的理解能力。

　　3、根据文章进行简单的数字推算和计算的能力。

　　4、既要理解词、短语、句子和文章的表层意思，更要理解其深层含义和抽象概念的能力。

　　5、理解全篇的逻辑关系，根据已知信息进行合理的推理判断和预测新信息的能力。

　　解题技巧：

　　1、顺序法：先读懂文章，然后按顺序答题。此方法适合内容较易于理解和记忆飞文章。

　　2、颠倒法：先读试题再读文章，这样我们可以带着问题有的放矢的阅读文章并迅速发现答案。

　　3、交叉法：先阅读一篇文章，把握中心大意后开始答题，对暂时确定不了的答案，可再次回读文章的有关内容并对其进行分析、推敲后再确定。

　　4、排除法：对拿不准的答案，可先逐项排除自己有把握的错误选项，再将剩下的答案进行比较、筛选，直到确定最佳答案。

　　5、要尊重原材料中的信息、观点，并在此基础上答题;不要凭想当然、主观臆断答题，不要钻牛角尖。

　　6、在做任务型阅读回答问题时，要尽量简略回答，无关信息尽量删除。特殊疑问句的回答基本是直接信息，在原文中能直接找到答案。

　　常见考法

　　误区提醒

　　【典型例题剖析】

　　My parents taught me not to waste food. My mom always found ways to make leftovers (剩余食物) taste good. I went to Ilan to learn about some of their special foods. As I was there, I learned about the food and the history of the area. I learned that they don’t waste food, either, and they use leftovers!

　　Many years ago, there was not enough food for everyone. People learned to cook and eat almost everything. They had to think of ways to make special dishes. One of these dishes is kao zha. It’s made with leftovers like meat, soup, oil and fat. That might not sound very good, but it does taste good. Today, kao zha is a special dish at big banquets (宴会).

　　Another famous dish is called zao bing. It’s made with fruit, meat and other things. I really liked it! But I didn’t want to eat too much. It has a lot of fat in it.

　　I smelled something burning and I saw smoke, so I found another special food of the Ilan area─duck meat. The duck meat is put in a big oven (炉子) to cook it. Smoke keeps the meat fresh. I don’t usually eat meat, but this duck meat was delicious! It tasted sweet.

　　Ilan is a great place with delicious food. I hope I can come back again!

　　1. The writer learns from her parents __________.

　　A. not to eat leftovers B. to eat good food

　　C. not to waste food D. to make good food

　　2. She finds that people in Ilan __________.

　　A. always waste food B. don’t use leftovers

　　C. don’t have enough food D. can cook special food

　　3. Kao zha is a good dish that is made with __________.

　　A. fruit, meat and other things B. fresh and sweet duck meat

　　C. some different leftovers D. meat, soup and fruit

　　4. There are __________ kinds of special foods mentioned in the passage.

　　A. two B. three C. four D. five

　　5. From the passage, we know that __________.

　　A. there was not enough food in Ilan long ago

　　B. leftovers can’t be used to cook delicious food

　　C. zao bing is a famous dish without any fat in it

　　D. the writer is interested in very big banquets

　　解析：

　　1、C 这是一道细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“My parents taught me not to waste food.”可得出答案。

　　2、D 细节理解题。根据二、三、四段可得出答案。A与事实不符;B项与第二段意思相悖;C项指现在，但文中说的是过去。

　　3、C 根据第二段第四、五句可得出答案。

　　4、B 细节理解题。三种食物是kao zha、zao bing、duck meat。

　　5、A 推理判断提。根据第二段第一句可得出答案。

　　第二部分：定语从句

　　知识点总结

　　要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what;关系副词有where, when, why,how等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。

　　一、关系代词引导的定语从句

　　1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

　　(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

　　(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

　　(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师

　　(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

　　2、由which, that引导的从句

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

　　(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在从句中作主语)

　　(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语)

　　注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：

　　a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;

　　b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略;

　　c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;

　　d)先行词中既有人又有物时;

　　e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时;

　　f)当先行词为物并作表语时;

　　g)先行词为one时;

　　h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;

　　二、关系副词引导的定语从句

　　1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用　　I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

　　2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语　　 Shanghai is the city where I was born.

　　3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

　　常见考法

　　对于定语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查，重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句。

　　典型例题：You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.

　　A. who B. whom C. whom D. who

　　解析：先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.

　　答案：D

　　误区提醒

　　当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时，要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词，反之用关系代词。

　　典型例题：I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.

　　A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when

　　解析：. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.

　　答案：A

http://www.cnrencai.com/

【初中英语知识点总结】相关文章：

初中英语副词重点知识点的巩固练习试题08-22