大学英语六级阅读理解练习题
大学英语六级阅读理解练习题
篇一：
Culture Shock
Culture shock is precipitated1 by the anxiety thatresults from losing all our familiar signs and symbolsof social intercourse. Those signs or cues includethe thousand and one 2 ways in which we orient3ourselves to the situation of daily life ; when toshake hands and what to say when we meet people ,when and how to give tips, how to make purchases,when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and whennot. These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, areacquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as thelanguage we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for our peace of mind and ourefficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of consciousawareness.
Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed.He or she is like a fish out of water4 . No matter how broad-minded5 or full of good will youmay be , a series of props6 have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling offrustration7 and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First theyreject the environment which causes the discomfort.“The ways of the host country are badbecause they make us feel bad. ”When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouseabout8 the host country and its people , you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes atremendous importance. To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified. All thedifficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. Itusually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.
Some of the symptoms of culture shock are excessive washing of the hands, excessiveconcern over drinking water, food dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants,the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-termresidents of one’s own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; great concern overminor pains and eruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home.
阅读自测
Ⅰ. Replace the underlined words with the phrases in the passage with the same meaning:
1 . Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs andsymbols of social intercourse .
2 . Those signs and cues include a lot of ways in which we act.
3 . Entering a new company with no friends help him, he feels uncomfortable.
4 . Although living abroad for 5 years, she still feels homesick now and then.
Ⅱ. Question :
What are the symptoms of culture shock?
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. precipitated 2. the thousand and one 3. like a fish out of water 4 . longing to be back home
Ⅱ. Some of the symptoms of culture shock are excessive washing of the hands, excessive 033 concern over drinking water, food dishes, and bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants, the absent-minded stare; a feeling of helplessness and a desire for dependence on long-term residents of one’s own nationality; fits of anger over minor frustrations; great concern over minor pains and eruptions of the skin; and finally, that terrible longing to be back home .
参考译文
出门一日难
文化休克现象源自焦虑, 焦虑的原因是我们找不到熟悉的社会标志及特征。这些标志 或暗示包含了许多引导我们适应日常生活的方法: 什么时候握手, 与人见面时该说什么话, 什么时候及怎样给小费, 如何购物, 什么时候接受邀请, 什么时候拒绝邀请, 什么话需要严 肃对待, 什么话不需要。这些暗示可以是话语、手势、面部表情、风俗或者行为准则, 它们都 是我们在成长的过程中获得的, 就像我们所说的语言或接受的信仰那样, 成为我们的文化 的组成部分。为了使心态平和, 工作高效, 我们大家都依赖于无数个这样的暗示, 其中大多 数的暗示都不是我们有意识地进行传达的。
这时候, 一个人进入一种陌生的文化领域时, 他先前所熟悉的全部或者说大部分的暗 示都消失了, 他就会感到无所适从。不管你是如何的心胸开阔抑或热情高涨, 在失去了一 个个依托之后, 你总会有一种挫败感和焦虑感。面对挫折, 人们的反应几乎都是一样的。 首先, 人们会排斥给他们带来困苦的那种环境。“ 东道国的生活方式不好是因为它们让我 们觉得不舒服。”当一群客居他国的同乡聚在一起抱怨东道国和东道国的人民时, 你就可以 确定他们正饱受文化休克之苦。文化休克的另一个阶段是回归。家乡陡然变得异常重要。 对身居他乡的人而言, 家乡的一切都不合情理地变得荣光异彩。他们将所有的麻烦与困惑 都抛之脑后, 记住的都是家乡的美好事物。通常, 只有回家一趟后才能让他重返现实。
文化休克引起的一些症状是: 频繁地洗手, 过度关心饮用水、食物及寝具问题, 害怕与 服务生的身体接触, 看东西时心不在焉, 感到无助和希望从来自家乡的长期居住于此的人 那里得到依靠感, 动辄大发脾气, 对小病痛和皮疹过度担忧等等, 最后, 就是急切地渴望回 归故里。
篇二：
Craze In First Run Of Bulls
Bulls and humans alike slipped and slid on thecobblestone streets, but the first of Pamplona'sannual runs with the bulls was largely free of injuryas thousands of daredevils2 sprinted with the half-ton animals.
Some runners, sounding disappointed, said theywould seek out greater danger in coming days as thewidely popular, centuries-old San Fermin3 festival serves up six more runs this week.
“ It was a bit timid, to be honest. Nowhere near as scary as in the books, ”said Johnny, 26,from New Zealand, here for the first time after reading about San Fermin on a website.
“Tomorrow we are going to try and run a bit closer to the bulls and get a bit more adrenaline, ”added his friend, Richard, 26 , cradling the day's first beer.
The streets were slightly slick with morning dew as six fighting bulls and six steers dashedfrom a corral along the 900 -yard course through the city’s old quarter to the bull ring.
At two sharp turns, several bulls slipped and went down with a heavy thud, and two bulls wereseparated from the pack. And a minor pileup of fallen runners formed at the tunnel leadinginto the bullring. Bulls jumped or stepped over the runners.
Thousands of people watching in the street and from balconies shouted as the bulls rumbledthrough the city’s old quarter, taking just over two and a half minutes to cover course.
No one was gored, although four people who were trampled were hospitalized for treatment ofhead, chest, rib or leg injuries. None was seriously hurt.
The steers are meant to keep the bulls more or less in a cluster — a spooked, isolated bull isvery dangerous
The fiesta 4, famed for its all-night street parties, dates back to the late 16 th century butgained world fame from Ernest Hemingway5's novel The Sun Also Rises. Tens of thousandsfrom all over the world have been pouring into Pamplona for the annual festival ever since .
阅读自测
Ⅰ. Find the words in the pass age with meaning similar to the following phrases :
1. happening every year ( )
2. causing fear and alarm ( )
3. move suddenly and quickly; rush ( )
4. travel a certain distance ( )
5. ( cause people or things to) come or go in a continuous stream ( )
Ⅱ. Are these statements True or False a ccording to the article?
1. On the first day of Pamplona's annual runs with bulls, no one was serious hurt.
2. A lot of runners were gored by bulls.
3. It only took the bulls two minutes to cover the 900-yard course .
4. The annual San Fermin festival attracts thousands of people all over the world to Pamplona. 5. The fiesta gained world fame in the late 16 th century.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. annual 2. scary 3. dash 4. cover 5 . pour
Ⅱ. 1. T 2. F 3 . F 4 . T 5 . F
参考译文
我为奔牛狂
在鹅卵石铺成的街道上, 人牛混杂, 跌爬滚打。潘普洛纳一年一度的.奔牛节拉开了帷 幕, 第一天就有数以万计的冒险家与重达半吨的公牛比赛冲刺, 所幸基本没有人员伤亡。 一些参加了奔牛的人略带失望地表示, 他们希望在未来几天里能体验到更多惊险。这 个广受欢迎、历史悠久的圣· 佛尔明节在一周内还将举行六轮奔牛。
来自新西兰的26 岁青年约翰尼说:“ 老实说这只是有一点吓人, 但根本不能和书上惊 036 心 动魄的描写相提并论。”他是在网上了解了圣· 佛尔明节后第一次来这里参加奔牛的。 约翰尼的朋友——— 26 岁的理查德手捧当天的第一杯啤酒补充说:“ 明天我们会跑得离 公牛更近一点儿, 寻找更多的刺激。” 沾有晨露的路面有些湿滑。六头大公牛和六头小公牛冲出牛栏, 沿着从旧城区到斗牛 场的900 码跑道狂奔不止。 在两个急转弯处, 几头公牛滑倒并
在两个急转弯处, 几头公牛滑倒并重重地跌在地上, 有两头公牛掉了队; 与此同时, 在 通向斗牛场的巷道里, 奔跑中跌倒的人们又造成了一点小混乱。公牛或跃过人堆, 或直接 踩踏而过。 当这群公牛穿过旧城区时, 街道上和阳台上数以万计的观众都欢呼大叫。公牛跑完全 程只用了两分半钟多一点。 整个奔牛过程中没有人被牛顶伤, 只有四个人被牛踩伤。他们已住院接受头部、胸部、 肋骨和腿部等伤处的治疗, 但伤势都不严重。 奔牛时放逐一些小公牛是为了尽可能使大公牛聚集成群, 那些因为受惊而离群的公牛 是相当危险的。 圣· 佛尔明节以彻夜街头狂欢而闻名。这个庆典的历史可以追溯到16 世纪末, 但真 正使其声名大噪的是厄内斯特· 海明威的小说《太阳照样升起》。从那以后, 每年都会有 数以万计的游客从世界各地云集潘普洛纳, 参加一年一度的庆典。
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