2015英语六级翻译模拟题（3）
一、灯谜
灯谜(1antern riddles)是指写在彩灯上面的谜语。灯谜是中华民族一门传统的综合性艺术，是我国劳动人民智慧的结晶。猜灯谜是元宵节的一项娱乐活动。灯笼的主人把谜面写在纸条上，然后把纸条贴在灯笼上。如果有人猜到了谜底，就可以将纸条取下来，到灯笼主人那里去对谜底，如果猜对了谜底，就可以得到小礼物。设置灯谜和猜谜底可以遵循许多不同的方法。猜灯谜出现于宋朝(the Song Dynasty)，到了明清时代(the Ming andQing Dynasties)，该活动在民间变得非常流行。
参考译文：
Lantern riddles are fiddles written on the lanterns, which are a traditional and comprehensive art of the Chinese nation and reflect the wisdom of the working people.
Working out lantern riddles is a recreational activity of the Lantern Festival. Lantern owners write fiddles on a few pieces of paper and paste them on the lanterns. If people have solutions to the fiddles, they can take the paper off and go to the lantern owners to check their answers. If they are fight, they will get small gifts. There are various ways to set and work out the fiddles.
The activity emerged in the Song Dynasty and became very popular among the people in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
二、指南针
在中国悠久的历史长河中，出现了一些极其重要的'发明，指南针(compass)是其中最重要的发明之一。根据古书记载，远古的人们在生产和斗争中利用天然磁体来指示方向。在战国时期(the Warring States Period)出现了最早的指南针——司南[sinan(a south.pointingladle)]。司南由刻有24个方位的“地盘(brass plate)”和一个由整块天然磁石制成的“(1adle)”两部分组成。到宋朝，沈括在《梦溪笔谈》(Dream Pool Essays)中对水浮式(floating)指南针作了介绍。这使得指南针能够首次应用于航海。指南针的发明促进了航海业的发展，不久经阿拉伯传入欧洲。
参考译文：
China's long history has witnessed some extremely important inventions, among which the compass is one of them. According to ancient records, people in remote antiquity employed natural magnet as direction-finding device in their production and struggle efforts. During the Warring States Period, there appeared the earliest form of compass---sinan (a south-pointing ladle), consisting of a brass plate on which 24 directions were careed and a ladle made from a single piece of natural magnet. In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo described in his book Dream Pool Essays the floating compass, which enabled the compass to be applied in navigation for the first time. The invention of the compass promoted the development of maritime undertakings, and it was soon introduced to Europe via Arab.
三、皮影戏
作为中国出现最早的戏曲形式之一，也是我国民间广为流传的傀儡戏(puppetplay)之一，皮影戏(shadow play)是一种用兽皮或纸板制成戏中的人物和道具(props)形象并借灯光照射这些形象而表演故事的戏曲形式。表演时艺人们在白色幕布后面操纵戏曲人物，用当地流行的曲调唱述故事，同时配以打击乐器(percussion insmmaent)和弦乐，具有浓厚的乡土气息。中国的皮影艺术是我国民间工艺美术与戏曲结合而成的独特艺术形式，是中国传统艺术中不可或缺的一颗精巧的明珠。
参考译文：
As one of the earliest opera forms and a sort of widespread puppet play in China, shadowplay is a kind of opera in which the characters and props are made of animal skins or paperboards and the story was performed by illuminating these images with the help of lamplight. While performing, the performers manipulate the characters behind the white curtain and tell the story by singing with the popular local melody to the rhythm of percussion instruments and string music, which is of strong rural favor. The Chinese shadow play, a unique art form combining the Chinese folk arts and crafts with opera, is an indispensable delicate pearl in Chinese traditional arts.
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