元旦的起源「英语版」

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关于元旦的起源「英语版」

　　关于元旦的起源【英语版】

　　New Years Day 元旦

　　"Yuan" has meaning only, "Dan" means the dawn of time, but also refers to the day pass. New Years Day is the beginning of the year on the first day.

　　“元”有始之意，“旦”指天明的时间，也通指白天。元旦，便是一年开始的第一天。

　　Chinas ancient New Years Day is not the same month. In the first lunar month started this summer on behalf of the Shang dynasty who started in December, Zhou who started in November, after the emperor Tongyiliuguo so, on New Years Day a day in early October and since then successive Xiangyan not changed and ( "Historical Records"). The first year of Emperor Wu was in the beginning, the Sima Qian, the creation of a "calendar was in the beginning," This Youyi who started for the first month in the New Year, and the summer on behalf of the provisions of the same, so called "traditional Chinese lunar calendar," has been in use to the 1911 Revolution. The establishment of the Republic of China Sun Yat-sen in order to "line XIA, so shun farming season; from the Western calendar, so they Statistics", will be the first month started this (New Years Day) for the Spring Festival, while the west of the calendar (Gregorian calendar) January 1 as New Years. September 27, 1949, the First Plenary Session of the CPPCC through the use of the "Year Annals Law," who started the first lunar month, called "Spring Festival" will Gregorian calendar January 1 as the "New Years Day."

　　我国历代元旦的月日并不一致。夏代在正月初一，商代在十二月初一，周代在十一月初一，秦始皇统一六国后，又以十月初一日为元旦，自此历代相沿未改(《史记》)。汉武帝太初元年时，司马迁创立了“太初历”，这才又以正月初一为元旦，和夏代规定一样，所以又称“夏历”，一直沿用到辛亥革命。中华民国建立，孙中山为了“行夏正，所以顺农时;从西历，所以便统计”，定正月初一(元旦)为春节，而以西历(公历)1月1日为新年。1949年9月27日，中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过使用“公元纪年法”，将农历正月初一称“春节”，将公历1月1日定为“元旦”。

　　Because of the longitude of the world in different locations, countries of time is also different, accordingly, "new date there are also different. Such as Oceania located in the west of the RiJieXian island-state, it is the first day of the first place, also be to celebrate New Years country. Located in the east side of the RiJieXian XiSaMaYa is the worlds most late start a new day of place. According to the calendar to count, our country is the worlds first start New Year 12 countries .

　　由于世界各国所处的经度位置不同，各国的时间也不同，因此，“元旦”的日期也有不同。如大洋洲的岛国汤加位于日界线的西侧，它是世界上最先开始的一天的地方，也是最先庆祝元旦的国家。而位于日界线东侧的西萨摩亚则是世界上最迟开始新的一天的地方。按公历计，我国是世界上第12个开始新年的国家。

　　各国元旦的习俗

　　英国：元旦前一天，家家户户都必须做到瓶中有酒，橱中有肉。英国人认为，如果没有余下的酒肉，来年便会贫穷。除此之外，英国还流行新年“打井水”的风俗，人们都争取第一个去打水，认为第一个打水人为幸福之人，打来的水是吉祥之水。英国人在除夕的深夜，常带上糕点和酒出去拜访，他们不敲门，就径直走进亲友家去。按英国人的风俗，除夕千夜过后，朝屋里迈进第一只脚的人，预示着新的一年的运气。如果第一个客人是个黑发的男人，或是个快乐、幸福而富裕的人，主人就将全年吉利走好运。如果第一个客人是个浅黄头发的女人，或是个忧伤、贫穷、不幸的人，主人在新的一年中将遭霉运，会遇上困难和灾祸。除夕在亲友家作客的人，在未交谈前，要先去拨弄壁炉的火，祝福主人“开门大吉”。在英国中部的一些地区，新年早上出门时，不管熟识还是陌生，都会互送铜钱，他们认为这样做，不但对方一年有财气，同时也会给自己带来幸运。

　　印度：印度的元旦被人称为“痛哭元旦”、“禁食元旦”。他们在新年第一天，谁也不许对人生气，更不准发脾气。有些地方，过年不但不庆祝，反而相抱大哭。他们认为，元旦一开始，岁月易逝——人生短暂，用哭声来表示自己的感叹。有些地区的人们则以禁食一天一夜来迎接新的一年，由元旦凌晨开始直到午夜为止。

　　蒙古：新一年到来，蒙古老人会装扮成牧羊人的样子，穿着毛绒的皮外套，头戴一顶皮帽，手拿一根鞭子，不停地把鞭子在空中抽得啪啪响，以示驱邪祝福。

　　巴西：巴西人在元旦这天，高举火把，蜂拥登山。人们争先恐后地寻找那象征幸福的金桦果。只有不畏艰险的人，才能找到这种罕见的果子。他们称之为“寻福”。巴西农村有一个独特的风俗习惯——便是互相揪耳，人们在元旦见面时，一定要相互使劲揪住对方的耳朵，表示祝福。

　　巴基斯坦：在元旦这一天，巴基斯坦人们个个手拿红粉跑出门，见了亲友，道过新喜，便互相将红粉涂在额上，以示庆祝新年吉祥如意。

　　阿富汗：在阿富汗北部地区的居民，每逢元旦都要举行激烈的抢山羊比赛，以示庆祝。两队骑手争抢猎物，比赛既紧张激烈，又喜庆欢乐。

　　阿根廷：阿根廷人认为水是最圣洁的。每年元旦，各家老少成群结队到江河中洗“新年浴”，以洗去身上的一切污秽。

　　中国的元旦起源：

　　New Years Day, it is said to have originated from Zhuanxu, one of the three emperors and five emperors, with a history of more than 5000 years. "The term New Years Day first appeared in the Book of Jin: Emperor Zhuan regarded the first month of Mengxia as the Yuan, but in fact, it was the spring of New Years Day."

　　During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun, a literary and historical scholar of the Southern Dynasty, recorded in his poem "Jieya" that "the four seasons are new New Years Day, and the beginning of spring is the beginning of a long life.". In Wu Zimus "Dream of Liang Lu" during the Song Dynasty, there is a record that "the first day of the first lunar month is called New Years Day, and it is commonly referred to as the New Year. This is the beginning of the one year festival preface.".

　　In Cui Yuans "Inscription on the Three Sons of Hairpin" during the Han Dynasty, it was called "Yuanzheng"; in Yu Zhans "Yangdu Fu" during the Jin Dynasty, it was called "Yuanchen"; in the poem "Yuanhui Daxiang Ge Huangxia Ci" during the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was called "Yuanchun"; and in the poem "Yuan Day Retreat from the Court to Watch the Army Battle and Return to Camp" by Tang Dezong and Li Shi, it was called "Yuanshuo".

　　Chinese New Years Day has always referred to the first day of the first lunar month in the summer (lunar, lunar) calendar. The calculation method for the first day of the first lunar month was also very inconsistent before the reign of Emperor Wu of Han. Therefore, the New Years Day months and days throughout history are not consistent. The Xia Dynastys Xia calendar used Meng Xi Yue (January) as the first month, the Shang Dynastys Yin calendar used the twelfth month (December) as the first month, and the Zhou Dynastys Zhou calendar used the winter month (November) as the first month. After the unification of China by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, Yang Chun Yue (October) was designated as the first lunar month, and the first day of October was designated as New Years Day.

　　Starting from Emperor Wu of Han, Meng Xiyue (January) was designated as the first lunar month, and the first day of Meng Xiyue (the first day of the first lunar month in the Xia calendar) was called New Years Day, which was used until the end of the Qing Dynasty.

　　In 1911, the Xinhai Revolution led by Sun Yat sen overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. Representatives of provincial governors held a meeting in Nanjing to decide to use the Gregorian calendar, calling January 1st of the lunar calendar "Spring Festival" and January 1st of the Gregorian calendar "New Years Day". However, it was not officially announced at that time.

　　In order to follow the lunar calendar and start counting according to the Western calendar, it was decided to use the Gregorian calendar (actually used in 1912) in the first year of the Republic of China, and the first day of January in the Gregorian calendar was designated as the "New Year", but it was not called "New Years Day".

　　On September 27, 1949, the first session of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference decided to establish the Peoples Republic of China while also adopting the worlds commonly used Gregorian calendar, also known as the Gregorian calendar. New Years Day refers to the first day of the year in the Gregorian calendar.

　　In order to distinguish between the Chinese New Year and the Gregorian New Year, and considering that the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar happens to be around the Chinese New Year, the first day of the lunar month is renamed "Spring Festival", and the first day of the lunar month is designated as the beginning of the new year - "New Years Day", which is included in the statutory holiday and becomes a national holiday.

　　New Years Day is said to have originated from Zhuanxu, one of the three emperors and five emperors, with a history of over 5000 years. The term "New Years Day" first appeared in the Book of Jin: "Emperor Zhuan regarded the first month of Mengxia as the Yuan Dynasty, but in fact, it was the spring of New Years Day." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun, a literary and historical scholar of the Southern Dynasty, recorded in his poem "Jieya" that "the four seasons are new New Years Day, and the early spring of Wanshou is in the morning.". In Wu Zimus "Dream of Liang Lu" during the Song Dynasty, there is a record that "the first day of the first lunar month is called New Years Day, and it is commonly referred to as the New Year. This is the beginning of the one year festival preface.". In Cui Yuans "Inscription on the Three Sons of Hairpin" during the Han Dynasty, it was called "Yuanzheng"; in Yu Zhans "Yangdu Fu" during the Jin Dynasty, it was called "Yuanchen"; in the poem "Yuanhui Daxiang Ge Huangxia Ci" during the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was called "Yuanchun"; and in the poem "Yuan Day Retreat from the Court to Watch the Army Battle and Return to Camp" by Tang Dezong and Li Shi, it was called "Yuanshuo". Chinese New Years Day has always referred to the first day of the first lunar month in the summer (lunar, lunar) calendar. The calculation method for the first day of the first lunar month was also very inconsistent before the reign of Emperor Wu of Han. Therefore, the New Years Day months and days throughout history are not consistent. The Xia Dynastys Xia calendar used Meng Xi Yue (January) as the first month, the Shang Dynastys Yin calendar used the twelfth month (December) as the first month, and the Zhou Dynastys Zhou calendar used the winter month (November) as the first month. After the unification of China by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, Yang Chun Yue (October) was designated as the first lunar month, and the first day of October was designated as New Years Day. Starting from Emperor Wu of Han, Meng Xiyue (January) was designated as the first lunar month, and the first day of Meng Xiyue (the first day of the first lunar month in the Xia calendar) was called New Years Day, which was used until the end of the Qing Dynasty. In 1911, the Xinhai Revolution led by Sun Yat sen overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. Representatives of provincial governors held a meeting in Nanjing to decide to use the Gregorian calendar, calling January 1st of the lunar calendar "Spring Festival" and January 1st of the Gregorian calendar "New Years Day". However, it was not officially announced at that time. In order to follow the lunar calendar and start counting according to the Western calendar, it was decided to use the Gregorian calendar (actually used in 1912) in the first year of the Republic of China, and the first day of January in the Gregorian calendar was designated as the "New Year", but it was not called "New Years Day". On September 27, 1949, the first session of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference decided to establish the Peoples Republic of China while also adopting the worlds commonly used Gregorian calendar, also known as the Gregorian calendar. New Years Day refers to the first day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. In order to distinguish between the Chinese New Year and the Gregorian New Year, and considering that the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar happens to be around the Chinese New Year, the first day of the lunar month is renamed "Spring Festival", and the first day of the lunar month is designated as the beginning of the new year - "New Years Day", which is included in the statutory holiday and becomes a national holiday.

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